ADDKES3. 13 



It was discovered by clicmleal analysis tliat the surface soil was de- 

 ficient in constituents which abounded in the subsoil. He prescrib- 

 ed subsoiling and a thorough mixture of the upper and lower soils. 

 Some gentlemen who came to witness the operation, went away in 

 disgust at the great depth of the ploughing, but the success of the 

 ex]icriment at length changed their disgust to admiration. The pro- 

 ceeding crops were fifteen bushels of corn, and sixty bushels of pota- 

 toes to the acre ; but the succeeding, one hundred and fifty bushels 

 of ears of corn, and three hundred and fifty bushels of potatoes. 

 Such facts have been obtained by other scientific men, both in Amer- 

 ica and Europe. They might be multipled indefinitely. We have 

 space for only one more. 



A gentleman in Maryland, whose cornfield appeared to be in the 

 last stages of consumption, yielding less than one bushel to the acre, 

 applied to a distinguished chemist, who upon an analysis of the soil, 

 discovered that it contained snfiicient lime, potash, magnesia, and or- 

 ganic matter duly mixed with allumina and sand. One requisite for 

 fertility only was wanting. This was phosphoric acid, which was 

 supplied at an expense of ten dollars per acre, and the result was 

 a crop of twenty-nine bushels of Avheat to the acre. 



Thus science teaches the secret of successful farming, the multipli- 

 cation of products without the increasing expense of adding field to 

 field ; in other words, the importance of scientific cultivation, the 

 economy of labor and capital, of small farms, but of large crops and 

 profits. The truth is, in New England, where labor is expensive, 

 there are but two kinds of farming which will pay. One is gathering 

 the products which a kind Providence sends without cultivation ; and 

 the other, that which is guided by intelligence and science. No man 

 can afi"ord to cultivate a large farm poorly, nor to gather a small crop, 

 when he might harvest a large one. What the poet says of other 

 men is emphatically true of the farmer. " Act well thy part ; there 

 all the honor lies;"' Aye, and in Agriculture, the profit lies there too. 

 Under a system of scientific cultivation, the agricultural products 

 of this State might be doubled, without much additional expense, and 

 of course her capital, and that of every farmer within her limits, — you 

 would thus retain the enterprising sons of her yeomanry, on the farms 

 of their fathers, those sons who noAV seek their fortunes in other pro- 

 fessions and employments. In New England, there is land enough 



