THE MAN-LIKE APES. 31 



certainly not the Pongo of Battell, seeing that the Orang- 

 Utan is entirely confined to the great Asiatic islands of 

 Borneo and Sumatra. 



And while the progress of discovery thus cleared up 

 the history of the Orang, it also became established that 

 the only other man-like Apes in the eastern world were 

 the various species of Gibbon Apes of smaller stature, 

 and therefore attracting less attention than the Orangs, 

 though they are spread over a much wider range of 

 country, and are hence more accessible to observation. 



Although the geographical area inhabited by the 

 ' Pongo ' and ' Engeco ' of Battell is so much nearer to 

 Europe than that in which the Orang and Gibbon are 

 found, our acquaintance with the African Apes has been 

 of slower growth ; indeed, it is only within the last few 

 years that the truthful story of the old English adven- 

 turer has been rendered fully intelligible. It was not 

 until 1835 that the skeleton of the adult Chimpanzee be- 

 came known, by the publication of Professor Owen's 

 above-mentioned very excellent memoir " On the osteol- 

 ogy of the Chimpanzee and Orang," in the Zoological 

 Transactions a memoir which, by the accuracy of its de- 

 scriptions, the carefulness of its comparisons, and the ex- 

 cellence of its figures, made an epoch in the history of our 

 knowledge of the bony framework, not only of the Chim- 

 panzee, but of all the anthropoid Apes. 



By the investigations herein detailed, it became evi- 

 dent that the old Chimpanzee acquired a size and aspect 

 as different from those of the young known to Tyson, to 

 Buffon, and to Traill, as those of the old Orang from the 

 young Orang ; and the subsequent very important re- 

 searches of Messrs. Savage and AVyman, the American 



