THE EVOLUTION OF MAN 



guise can we trace him further back? In the 

 system, the four anthropoid apes are followed by 

 the rest of the monkeys. This class again con- 

 sists of at least three great groups which differ 

 from one another. Some of them are the long- 

 tailed monkeys of Asia and Africa, such as 

 Macacus, baboons, etc., which make up the ma- 

 jority of the popular monkeys in our zoological 

 gardens. The second group lives exclusively in 

 America, and the bright Capuchin monkey may 

 be mentioned as a type. The third, also re- 

 stricted to America, comprises a small number 

 of little monkeys, having claws instead of nails 

 on most of their fingers and toes and resembling 

 much more a squirrel than a genuine monkey. 

 The marmoset is one of them. These three 

 groups can no more be used in the construction 

 of a consecutive line of development than the 

 four anthropoid apes. But a purely anatomical 

 comparison leaves the impression that somewhere 

 near them the next lower stage of man must be 

 found. 



Even the very first experts who described the 

 gibbon noticed that this same gibbon, aside from 

 his strong resemblances to the other anthropoid 

 apes and to man himself, also had certain other 

 resemblances very plainly developed, and these 



56 



