PLATE XIII. 



GARDEN CASCADES. 



This Plate gives two examples of artificial cascades from noted landscape 

 gardens. Ornamental grounds of any importance are considered incomplete without 

 the introduction of this feature in some form or other. Sometimes no actual fall 

 of water is obtained, but elevated mounds, rocks, and boulders are arranged to indicate 

 the configuration of a cascade. Such a dried-up waterfall may be seen in the garden 

 of the Akasaka Rikiu, as represented in the upper illustration of Plate XIII. In this 

 particular case the resemblance is to a mountain torrent, consisting of a long series 

 of steps, parts being covered with boulders and portions strewn with sand and 

 pebbles. A tall rock, somewhat conical in shape, placed on the right of the principal 

 declivity, represents the " Guardian Stone " an important accessory of all garden 

 cascades. The " Cliff Stone," also frequently referred to in the technical volume on 

 " Landscape Gardening in Japan," may be easily recognised. The lower illustration 

 represents the cascade of the Koraku-En at Koishikawa, displaying a single broad 

 sheet of water flanked by the "Guardian Stone." The background is thickly wooded, 

 branches of the surrounding trees being arranged so as to partially veil the fall, in 

 accordance with rule. A number of fine rocks are disposed in a natural and inter- 

 esting manner in the pool below. 



