12 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



The estimated population of the city of Bue- 

 nos Ayres was, in September, 1882, 295,000; 

 and those of other important cities as follows : 

 C6rdoba, 39,651; Rosario, 32,204; Tucuman, 

 24,237. 



Immigration. By the terms of the "homestead 

 law," enacted Oct. 6, 1876, inducements were 

 loffcred with a view to attract Europeans to the 

 shores of the republic.* 



In pursuance of a new decree of May 16, 

 1883, passage-money was advanced to 135 im- 

 migrants in that year. A new and prosperous 

 colony in the fertile region surrounding Bahia 

 Blanca, in southern Buenos Ayres, bids fair to 

 make of that seaport at no distant day " one 

 of the great centers of Argentine commerce." 

 The already rapid growth of the settlement 

 will be materially enhanced on the completion 

 of the railway between Buenos Ayres city and 

 Bahia Blanca, the northern half of which line 

 is now in operation to Olavarria. Of the older 

 colonies may be mentioned those of Santa F6, 

 sixty-eight in all, with an aggregate population 

 of 55,143 (in 1883); and Entre-Rios, number- 

 ing seventeen, with 9,905 inhabitants. The 

 Santa F6 colonists, besides other products, har- 

 vested upward of 1,000,000 bushels of wheat 

 in 1882. 



The following table exhibits the nationality 

 and number of the immigrants who landed at 

 Buenos Ayres in 1879, 1880, 1881, and 1882 : 



The number of arrivals for 1883 was 63,325. 



GoTernment, Pnblie Officers, te. The President 

 of the Republic is Lieut.-Gen. Don Julio A 

 Roca (inaugurated Oct. 12, 1880), and the Vice- 

 President, Don Francisco Madero. 



The Cabinet was composed of the following 

 Ministers: Interior, Don Bernardo de Irigoyen; 

 Foreign Affairs, Don Francisco Ortiz; Finance, 

 Don Virtorino de la Plaza; Justice, Public 

 Worship, and Public Instruction, Dr. Eduardo 

 Wilde ; War and the Navy, Gen. Don Benia- 

 min Victories. 



The governors of the several provinces, etc., 

 were: 



Buenos Ayres Dr. D. Rocha 



Oatamarca Don .1. Acuna 



^nloba Don G. Gavier'. 



Corrientes Don A. 8oto 



Entre-Rios Col J. Antelo. 



* An abstract of this "homestead law," or "colonization 

 WH," was ylren In our Volume for 1877, p. 29. 



Jujuy Don E. Tello. 



La Rioja Don B. Jaramillo. 



Mendoza Don J. M, Segura. 



Salta : . Don M. 8. Ortiz. 



San Juan Don A. Gil. 



San Luis Don Z. Concha. 



Santa F6 Don M. Zavalla. 



Santiago del Estero Don L. G. Pinto. 



Tucuman Don B. Paz. 



Gran Chaco Territoiy Col. F . Bosch. 



Patagonia. Col. L. Winter. 



Misiones Col. E. Roca. 



The Argentine Envoy Extraordinary and 

 Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States 

 is Dr. Don Luis L. Dominguez (accredited in 

 1882) ; and the Argentine Consul-General (at 

 New York) for the American Union, is Don 

 Carlos Carranza. 



The United States Minister Resident in the 

 Argentine Republic is Gen. Thomas O. Osborn ; 

 and the United States Consul at Buenos Ayres 

 is Mr. E. L. Baker. 



Army. The Argentine army in June, 1883, 

 comprised, exclusive of the National Guard, 

 6,787 men, as follows : 3,500 foot, 2,474 horse, 

 and 815 artillery. There were 4 lieutenant- 

 generals, 14 generals of division, 50 colonels, 

 127 lieutenant- colonels, 142 majors, and 742 

 officers of other grades. The National Guard 

 was 315,850 strong. The military academy 

 had, in 1882, 14 teachers and 123 students; and 

 the military school (for non-commissioned offi- 

 cers) 6 teachers and 68 pupils. 



Navy. The navy, in June, 1883, was com- 

 posed of 39 vessels, namely : 3 steam-ironclads, 

 6 gunboats, 7 torpedoes, 2 steam-transports, 

 3 cruisers, 6 other steam-vessels, and 12 sail- 

 of-the-line, with an aggregate tonnage of 12,- 

 630, and an armament of 55 guns, and manned 

 with 1 rear-admiral, 2 chiefs of squadron, 3 

 colonels, 9 lieutenant-colonels, 9 majors, 20 

 captains, 32 lieutenants, 45 second-lieutenants, 

 63 students, 23 midshipmen, 20 paymasters, 

 48 engineers, 23 physicians, 2 almoners, 20 

 pilots, 1,505 seamen, 1,737 marines (including 

 officers), and a torpedo division 137 strong. 

 In the foregoing enumeration is not included 

 the flotilla of the Rio Negro, comprising 3 

 steamers and 3 steam-launches. 



The naval school had, in 1882, 17 teachers 

 and 69 students; and another school, for sea- 

 men, had 9 teachers and 43 pupils. 



The navy, like the army, is recruited by vol- 

 untary enlistment for a fixed period. 



Education. The cause of popular education 

 continues to be zealously fostered by the Ar- 

 gentine Government, than which none has dis- 

 played more untiring energy in its efforts to 

 insure the benefits of rudimentary instruction 

 to the youth of all classes of society. In the 

 budget for 1883 the cost of this department to 

 the state was estimated at $2,190,430.88. 



There were in the republic, in 1882, 2,023 

 educational establishments of all grades, with 

 an aggregate of 4,097 teachers, and a total of 

 136,928 pupils. Primary instruction was given, 

 in 1881, at 1,985 schools, national, provincial, 

 municipal, and private, by 3,544 teachers to 

 128,919 children. But as, from a bare statement 



