AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



ceeded his uncle, Ferdinand I., who abdicated 

 in 1848. The heir-apparent is the Archduke 

 Rudolf, horn Aug. 21, 1858. 



Government The common affairs of the two 

 monarchies, restricted to military defense and 

 foreign policy, are regulated by the Delega- 

 tions, consisting of 120 members, chosen in 

 equal numbers from the Austrian and Hun- 

 garian legislatures 20 from the upper and 40 

 from the lower house of each. The common 

 Ministers, responsible Jo the Delegations, are 

 as follow: Minister of Foreign Affairs and 

 of the Imperial Household, Count G. Ka^nocky 

 de Korospatak, born in 1832, Minister to Rome, 

 187U-'80, and then at St. Petersburg until he 

 was called to the head of the administration, 

 Nov. 21, 1881 ; Minister of War for the whole 

 empire, Count Bylandt-Rheydt, appointed June 

 21, 1876; Minister of Finance for the whole 

 empire, Baron von Kallay, appointed June 4, 

 1882. 



Area and Population. The total aiea of the 

 Austrp-Hungarian Empire, exclusive of the 

 occupied provinces, is 240,942 square miles; 

 the total population was returned in the cen- 

 sus of Dec. 31, 1880, as 37,786,246, or 159 to 

 the square mile. The population increased in 

 eleven years in Cisleithania, 8*5 per cent. ; in 

 Hungary only 1'24 per cent. In Transylvania 

 there was an actual decrease of 70,000. The 

 area and population of the separate provinces 

 of the two monarchies were as follow : 



The Principality of Liechtenstein in the 

 Austrian Alps, with an area of 68 square 

 miles and 9,124 inhabitants, is nominally inde- 

 pendent, and its people are not subject to tax- 

 ation or military duty. The provinces of Bos- 

 nia and Herzegovina and the Sanjak of Novi- 

 Bazar, were placed provisionally under the 

 administration of the common authorities by 

 the Berlin, Treaty of 1878. Their population 

 numbered 1,328,453, of whom 448,613 were 



Mohammedans, 496,761 Greek Orthodox Chris- 

 tians, 209,391 Roman Catholics, and 3,439 Jews. 



The population of the cities in Austria and 

 Hungary containing over 50,000 inhabitants, 

 was as follows In Austria: Vienna, 726,105, 

 with suburbs, 1,103,857; Prague, 162,323; 

 Trieste, 144,844; Lemburg, 109,726; Gratz, 

 97,791; Brtinn, 82,660; Krakau, 66,095. In 

 Hungary: Buda-Pesth, 3CO,551 ; Szegedin, 

 73,675; Holdmezo-Vasarhely, 50,966; Maria- 

 Theresiopel, 61,367. 



Among the population of Cisleithania, the 

 principal religious confessions were represented 

 by the following numbers: Roman Catholics, 

 17,693,648; Greek Catholics, 2.533,323 ; Israel- 

 ites, 1,005,394; Greek Oriental, 492,088 ; Evan- 

 gelicals of the Augsburg Confession, 289,005 ; 

 of the Helvetic Confession, 110,525. 



The percentage of the various nationalities 

 was as follows : Germans, 36 - 75 per cent. ; 

 Czechs, 23-77; Poles, 14-86; Ruthenians, 12-- 

 81 ; Slovenes, 5'23 ; Italians. 3'07 ; Serbs and 

 Croats, 2-58 ; Roumanians, -88 ; Magyars, -05. 

 The Israelites have increased since 1869 22-58 

 per cent., the Italians 13-19 per cent., the Poles 

 9-97 per cent., the Czechs 8-69 per cent., the 

 Serbs and Croats 7'77 per cent., the Ruthe- 

 nians 7-71 per cent., and the Germans 7'25 per 

 cent. The Slovenes have decreased consider- 

 ably, owing to their adoption of the nationality 

 of the Germans in Carinthia and Lower Styria, 

 and in the coast-lands of that of the Italians, 

 who received accessions also from the Serbo- 

 Croats. 



The percentage of the population of Austria 

 who could neither read nor write was 44-5, 

 among the males 43-2, among the females 45-8; 

 percentage of those who could read only 6*1, 

 among males 4-6, among females 7"5 ; percent- 

 age of those who could read and write 49*4, 

 among males 52-2, among females 46'7. In 

 the Bukovina the percentage of illiterates was 

 89-7, in Dalmatia 89-3, in Galicia 81-1, in Is- 

 tria 77'8, in Borizia and Gradisca 60-3, in Car- 

 niola 54-1, in Trieste 38-9, in Carinthia 47'6, 

 in Styria 37'3, in Bohemia 22'6, in Moravia 

 24-3, in Silesia 25-8, in Salzburg 22-9, in Tyrol 

 22-7, in Lower Austria 21, in Upper Austria 

 20-2. and in Vorarlberg 16'2. 



The following table gives the millesimal 

 proportions of the population of the Cisleithan 

 lands engaged in the various classes of em- 

 ployments, including families and dependents : 



PROFESSIONS. Per mille. 



Agriculture . 588'20 



Industry and mining 264-25 



Mercantile employments and transportation 55 -,64 



Professions requiring a higher education 83-54 



Property-owners and pensioners 81-67 



Laborers 18-11 



Employed in educational and charitable institutions. 5'54 



With no known occupation 3-05 



Total 1000-00 



Statistics collected by the Hungarian Gov- 

 ernment bureau show that the ratio of the 

 Magyar- speaking portion of the population has 

 increased only 1 per cent, in sixty years. In 



