CANADA, DOMINION OF. 



87 



Junk and oakum 35,1T7 



Leather : Sole and upper 41 6,902 



Boots and shoes 101,727 



Liquors : Ale, beer, and cider 20,824 



Whisky 2,598 



Other spirits 8,264 



Machinery 40,201 



Oil-cake 39,474 



Organs . 27,612 



Bags.. ..'.'. 49,044 



Sewing-machines 165,452 



Ships sold to other countries 848,018 



Starch 32,691 



Steel, manufactures of 148,656 



Stone and marble, wrought 13,802 



Tobacco 44,803 



Wood : Furniture 100,3s7 



Doors, sashes, etc '. 22,280 



Other manufactures of 291,657 



Shipping. The total number of vessels regis- 

 tered in the Dominion, Dec. 31, 1881, 4 was 

 7,394, measuring 1,310,896 tons, register ton- 

 nage. The total estimated value of these ves- 

 sels was $39,326,880. Three hundred and 

 thirty-six new vessels were built in the Do- 

 minion during 1881, measuring 74,060 tons, 

 register tonnage, and valued at $3,332,700. 



The merchant shipping of the Dominion is 

 now exceeded by that of three other countries : 

 Great Britain, the United States, and Norway. 



Exports. The exports from Canada amount 

 annually to about $100,000,000. They consist 

 chiefly of the products of the forest, the mine, 

 agriculture, and animals. 



The rapid increase in the export trade of the 

 Dominion during the years 1880 and 1881 is 

 shown by the following table: 



In 1882 the largest share of Canadian exports 

 went to the United States, while the greater 

 portion of the imports came from Great Brit- 

 ain. Thus : 



Railways. Although the railway system of 

 Canada is yet in its infancy, immense and 

 rapid strides have been made in recent .years, 

 as the following statistics show. The total 

 mileage on June 30. 1882, was : 



The nominal capital on June 30, 1882, was : 



Ordinary share capital $142,936,524 C3 



Preference share capital 71,531,940 40 



Bonded debt 92,487,932 42 



Aid from Government and municipalities. . . 108,655,412 85 



Total $415,611,810 30 



This shows an increase of $26,326,109.99 

 over the previous year. 



The number of passengers carried during the 

 year ending June, 1882, was 9,352,335, an in- 

 crease of 2,408,664, or 34'68 per cent. The 

 freight handled was 13,575,787 tons, an in- 

 crease of 1,510,364 tons, or 12'51 per cent. 



The earnings of the railways for 1881-'82 

 are: 



Increase for year. 



Passengers $10,018,478 $1,795,224 



Freight 17,729,945 * 



Mails and express 1,037,460 91,301 



Other sources 235,857 90,525 



Earnings of roads not detailed 6,049 267 



Totals $29,027,789 $1,977,817 



The operating expenses are : 



Maintenance $4,614,041 Increase, $498,943 



Working and repairing of 



engines 6,834,530 " 850,810 



Working and repairs of cars. 2,219,015 " 153,801 



General operating expenses. . 8,643,933 " 896,428 



Expenses of roads not de- 

 tailed 79,183 Decrease, 



Total.' $22,390,708 Net inc'e, $2,269,290 



Thus the earnings show an increase of $1,- 

 040,280, and the working expenses of $2,269,- 

 290, over the previous -year. 



The net profits were : 



Receipts $29,027,789 



Expenses 22,890,708 



Net profit $6,637,081 



The construction of the Canada Pacific Rail- 

 way was one of the conditions under which 

 British Columbia entered into the union of 

 provinces. It was at first the intention to 

 make the work a Government enterprise, and 

 as such it was begun. In 1881, however, the 

 road was transferred to a company. By the 

 terms of contract, this company was bound 

 to complete the line through Canadian terri- 

 tory, from Callander in Ontario to Port Moody 

 in British Columbia. As the most difficult 

 parts cf the road were not at that time com- 

 pleted, it was only on receipt of great privi- 

 leges and subsidies that the company undertook 

 the work. An important .privilege granted to 

 the company is that " for twenty years from 

 the issue of the charter (1881), no line of rail- 

 way shall be authorized by the Dominion Par- 

 liament to be constructed south of the Canada 



* Though the increase in freight in tons was 12-51 per cent., 

 yet the receipts for freight show a decrease of $937,037 as 

 compared with the previous year. 



