CAPE COLONY AND SOUTH AFRICA. 



CARLISLE, JOHN G. 



placed their territory under the protection of 

 the Transvaal, and granted lands to Boers who 

 had taken part in the war. This treaty lacks 

 the ratification of the suzerain power. The 

 frontier war did not cease. English filibusters 

 rushed in, on the pretext of supporting the 

 cause of the worsted party. The white par- 

 ticipants increased, until Bechuanaland was 

 occupied by adventurers from the Transvaal, 

 the Orange Free State, and the English colo- 

 nies. The cattle and the lands adjacent to the 

 streams were taken away from the natives be- 

 longing to the defeated party. Many of the 

 Bechuanas were reduced to starvation. The 

 Transvaal Government excused the aggres- 

 sions of the Dutch on the ground 

 that the boundary-line fixed by the 

 Pretoria convention was unfair and 

 injurious to the Boers. When Mr. 

 Fox, their Secretary of State, was 

 called to account for signing a treaty, 

 he replied that his action was not in 

 violation of the convention, but was 

 the consequence of a defect in the 

 convention. 



In February, 1888, Lord Derby, 

 British Colonial Secretary, proposed 

 that the Cape Government should 

 organize a police to prevent the 

 incursion of British subjects into 

 Bechuana-land. Sir Hercules Rob- 

 inson replied that the only remedy 

 would be to send a military force 

 to occupy the country and clear it 

 of white filibusters. The lands which 

 were seized by the Boers, and from 

 which Mankoroane and Montsiva 

 and their people were expelled, were 

 those which they had formerly held, 

 but of which the Pretoria conven- 

 tion had deprived them. The pre- 

 tended volunteers of Moshette and 

 Massouw who retook the lands by 

 force, had the approval of the Trans- 

 vaal Government and people, and 

 the sympathy of all the Dutch in 

 South Africa. When Sir Hercules 

 Robinson proposed that the dis- 

 turbed district shou'd be guarded 

 by a mounted police, the expense 

 of which should be divided between 

 the British Government, the Cape 

 of Good Hope, the Orange Free State, and the 

 Transvaal Republic, the Cape Government were 

 unwilling, the Orange Free State declined on 

 the ground that its Constitution forbade such 

 a use of its forces, and Triumvir Kruger an- 

 swered for the Transvaal that his colleagues 

 were absent, at the same time expressing his 

 surprise that a remedy should be proposed that 

 was worse than the disease, and saying that the 

 cause of the difficulty is the boundary-line fixed 

 by the convention. A commission constituted 

 by the Yolksraad, the 3d of June, 1882, to put 

 an end to the controversy, was instructed to 

 regard the boundary as established in the dis- 



allowed treaties with Moshette and Mont- 

 siva. 



Mankoroane, no longer lord of his territory, 

 which was in part apportioned out among the 

 white volunteers, made a formal appeal to the 

 British Government to annex his country. On 

 the confines of the Transvaal the marauders, 

 Dutchmen from all parts of South Africa, and 

 English adventurers, many of them deserters 

 from the British army, had set up an indepen- 

 dent republic, under the name of Stellaland, 

 and elected a president of their own. This com- 

 munity of outlaws numbered about 2,000 souls. 



CARLISLE, John Griffin, an American states- 

 man, born in Campbell co., Ky., Sept. 5, 1835. 



JOHN GRIFFIN CARLISLE. 



He received a common-school education, and 

 became a teacher. Afterward he studied law, 

 and in 1858 was admitted to the Kentucky bar, 

 where he gradually built up an extensive and 

 lucrative practice. He was elected to the low- 

 er house of the Legislature in 1859, and to the 

 State Senate in 1866 and 1869. He was a dele- 

 gate to the National Democratic Convention 

 held in New York in 1868, he was Lieuten- 

 ant-Governor of Kentucky from 1871 to 1875, 

 and in 1876 was a presidential elector. He 

 was elected to Congress the same year, taking 

 his seat in March, 1877, and has been a mem- 

 ber ever since. He soon became prominent as 



