274 



DENMARK. 



Amount due the State : 



From back tax and interest from the Junction and 



Breakwater Railroad $38,886 86 



From Breakwater and Fnmkford Kailroad 4,000 00 



From Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore 

 Railroad.... 6,75000 



Schools. The statistics show a slight decrease 

 in the number of pupils attending school in the 

 school year of 1882 as compared with that of 

 1881, and likewise a decrease in the amount of 

 money raised by local taxation for school pur- 

 poses," though the aggregate sum appropriated 

 to schools in 1882 was larger than in 1881 by 

 reason of a considerable increase in the re- 

 ceipts of the general school fund. The average 

 monthly pay of teachers throughout the State 

 rose from $27.84 in 1880 to $30.95 in 1882. 

 The smallness of salaries and the shortness of 

 the school year, less than six months in Sus- 

 sex county, largely explains the inefficiency of 

 many schools. The total cost of educating 

 33,000 white children in the school year of 

 1881-'82 was $181,799.84. The number of 

 colored children in the State is a little less than 

 one sixth the number of white children. The 

 average enrollment is 10,000 less than the 

 number of children of the school year, and 

 the average daily attendance less than half the 

 latter number. The average cost per head of 

 educating the 23,450 white children enrolled 

 was $6.85. 



DENMARK, a kingdom in Northern Europe. 

 The Constitution is embodied in the charter 

 of June 5, 1849, which was modified in 1855 

 and 1803, but restored in an altered form in 

 1866. The executive power is exercised by 

 the King through a responsible ministry, and 

 the legislative power by the Kigsdag or Diet. 

 The Upper House is called the Landsthing, and 

 consists of 66 members, of whom 12 are nomi- 

 nated for life by the Crown, from actual or 

 former representatives in the legislature, and 

 the remainder are elected indirectly by the 

 people for the term of eight years. The popu- 

 lar Chamber, called the Folkething, consists 

 of 102 members, elected by direct universal 

 male suffrage for three years. The only classes 

 debarred from the franchise are those who 

 have been recipients of public charity and per- 

 sons in service who have no households of 

 their own. The former class can regain the 

 right by repaying the sums received. The lim- 

 itation of age is thirty years. The Folkething 

 decides in the first instance on all money bills 

 presented by the Government. The Rigsdag 

 meets annually on the first Monday in October. 

 The Landsthing appoints every four years four 

 of its members to form with the judges of 

 the Supreme Court the Rigsret, which is the 

 highest tribunal and has cognizance of legisla- 

 tive impeachments. 



The Government. The reigning King is Chris- 

 tian IX, born April 8, 1818, fourth son of Duke 

 William of Schleswig - Holstein - Sonderburg - 

 Glucksburg. He was appointed to the suc- 

 cession by the Treaty of London, concluded 

 May 8, 1852., and the Danish law of succession 



of 1853, and succeeded to the throne on the 

 death of Frederick VII, Nov. 15, 1863. The 

 heir -apparent is Prince Frederick, born June 

 3, 1843. 



The ministry, first organized June 11, 1875, 

 is composed of the following members: J. B. 

 S. Estrup, Minister of Finance and President 

 of the Council ; E. V. R. de Skeel, Minister of 

 the Interior ; J. V. M. Nellemann, Minister of 

 Justice and Minister for Iceland; Baron O. D. 

 Rosenorn-Lehn, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 

 appointed Oct. 11, 1875; Commander N. F. 

 Ravn, Minister of the Navy, appointed Jan. 4, 

 1879, and since April 1, 1881, Minister of War; 

 J. F. Scavenius, Minister of Worship and Pub- 

 lic Instruction, appointed Aug. 24, 1880. 



Area and Population. The area of the king- 

 dom of Denmark is 13,784 square miles ; the 

 population, 1,969,039, of which number 234,- 

 850 live in the city of Copenhagen, 865,678 

 in the islands of the Baltic, and 868,511 in 

 the Peninsula of Jutland. The total popula- 

 tion was divided as to sex into 967,360 males 

 and 1,001,679 females. The increase in fifteen 

 years was 10'29 per cent, in the cities, and 5'99 

 per cent, in the rural districts. The propor- 

 tion who live by agriculture is 39'5 per cent. 

 The land is greatly subdivided under the opera- 

 tion of laws which forbid the consolidation of 

 farms into landed estates. The number of 

 marriages in 1879, the last year reported, was 

 14,287 ; births, 62,455 ; deaths, 38,531 ; excess 

 of births over deaths, 23,924. The emigration 

 is mainly to the United States, and has become 

 considerable in recent years. In 1868 there 

 were 765 emigrants; in 1869, 4,359; in' 1870, 

 3,525; in 1871, 3,906; in 1872, 6,893; in 1873, 

 7,200; in 1874, 3,322 ; in 1875, 2,088 ; in 1876, 

 1,581; in 1877, 1,877; in 1878, 2,972; in 1879, 

 3,103 ; in 1880, 5,667 ; in 1881, 7,985; in 1882, 

 11,614. 



The dependencies of Denmark are the Faroe 

 Isles, of which the habitable ones, 17 in num- 

 ber, have an area of 512 square miles, and a 

 population returned in 1880 as 11,221 ; Iceland, 

 with an area of 40,300 square miles, of which 

 16,100 are habitable, and a population of 72,- 

 438 ; Greenland, with a habitable area of 33,800 

 square miles and 9,700 inhabitants ; and the 

 Danish Antilles, of which Santa Cruz has an 

 area of 82 square miles, St. Thomas of 33 square 

 miles, and St. John of 20 square miles, the pop- 

 ulation of the three numbering 33,763. Re- 

 turns dated Jan. 1, 1882, give the population 

 of Northern Greenland as 4,217, and of South- 

 ern Greenland as 5,484. 



Commerce and Navigation. The total imports 

 in 1881 amounted to 245,233,000 crowns, the 

 exports to 183,472,000 crowns. (The crown or 

 krone, the unit of account in the decimal cur- 

 rency, introduced in 1875, is half the value of 

 the old rigsdaler and equivalent to 26'8 cents.) 

 Of the total value of the imports, 58,970,000 

 crowns were from Great Britain, 91,141,000 

 crowns from Germany, and 24,848,000 crowns 

 from Sweden. Of the total exports, 63,760,000 



