GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



raent, the Committee of the Pi-ivy Council for 

 Agriculture, was created in 1883, with the 

 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster for its 

 first vice-president. 



Area and Population. The total area of the 

 British Empire is 7,774,657 square miles; the 

 population, according to the census of 1881, 

 249,259,832. The area of the British Islands 

 is 121,483 square miles, and the population, as 

 returned by the census of April 4, 1881, is 35,- 

 172,976, distributed as follows : 



The increase in England and Wales between 

 1871 and 1881 was 14-36 per cent., which was 

 higher than in any decennium since 1831-'41 ; 

 the increase in fifty years was 86-9 per cent. 



The natural movement of population in the 

 three kingdoms in 1882 was as follows: 



The natural increment of the population of 

 England is about 1'45 per cent, per annum. 



The total number of males returned by the 

 census of 1881 as engaged in some definite 

 occupation was 7,783,646, or 71 '5 per cent, of 

 all aged five years and upward; of females, 

 3,403,918, or 29*4 per cent. The civil service 

 employed 50,245 persons, and the police 32,- 

 508. The number of soldiers in England and 

 Wales at the date of the census (including 

 yeomanry and militia) was 87,168, and of 

 men in the Royal Navy (excluding 8,910 pen- 

 sioners) 20,732. The number in the clerical 

 profession was 35,823, including nearly 24,000 

 clergy of the Established Church ; in the legal 

 profession, 17,386; the medical profession, 

 22,936; engaged in educational work, 72 per 

 cent., of whom were women, 171,831; actors 

 and actresses, 4,565. The number of photog- 

 raphers increased from 4,715 in 1871 to 6,661 

 in 1881. 



The population of Ireland was divided in 

 respect to religion, according to the census of 

 1881, as follows: Roman Catholics, 3,960,891 ; 

 Anglicans, 639,574; Presbyterians, 470,734; 

 Methodists, 48,839 ; other denominations, 54,- 

 268 ; not determined, 530. The number of ad- 

 herents to the different creeds in England was 

 estimated in 1871 as follows: Anglicans, 17,- 

 781,000; Dissenters, 3,971,000; Roman Catho- 

 lics, 1,058,000; Israelites, 39,000. In Scot- 

 land: Church of Scotland, 1,473,000; Dis- 



senters, 1,486,000 ; Catholics, 320,000 ; Church 

 of England, 73,200. 



The total emigration from Great Britain and 

 Ireland, from 1815 to 1882, amounted to 10,- 

 047,835 persons, of whom 6,608,035 went to 

 the United States, 1,712,020 to British North 

 America, 1,364,226 to Australia and New Zea- 

 land, and 363,554 to other countries. The 

 emigration in 1882 from British ports was 

 divided, in respect to origin and destination, 

 as follows : 



The immigration into the United Kingdom 

 was 78,268 in 1882, 77,105 in 1881, 68,316 in 

 1880, and 53,973 in 1879. 



The emigration from Ireland from 1856 to 

 1860 was at the average rate of about 100,000 

 persons a year; in the next live years, from 

 1860 to 1865, about 140,000 annually; from 

 1866 to 1870 about 130,000; from 1870 to 

 1875 about 70,000. In the year 1880 the num- 

 ber was about 93,000; in 1881 about 100,000. 

 Nearly all the emigrants were furnished the 

 means for the voyage to the United States or 

 other points of destination by friends who had 

 preceded them. In all, about 1,500,000 was 

 remitted to Ireland in this way. This emi- 

 gration did not proceed from the congested 

 districts in the west of Ireland as much as 

 from some other parts of the country. 



The population of British cities of over 100,- 

 000 inhabitants was returned in 1881 as fol- 

 lows: 



The number of municipal boroughs in Eng- 

 land and Wales in 1881 was 243, with an aggre- 

 gate population of 8,412,121, or 32-4 per cent, 

 of the total population of the kingdom. The 

 population of London increased in the decade 

 ISTl-'Sl 17'3 per cent. ; that of nineteen other 

 large towns 16 '5 per cent. 



Postal Sayings-Banks. The deposits in the 



* The Metropolitan District. The Police District contains 

 4,764.312 inhabitants. 



t The Metropolitan Police District contains 849,648 inhab- 

 itants. 



t The towns of West Ham, Croydon, and Tottenham form 

 part of the London Police District. 



