404 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



were, in thousands of pounds sterling, as fol- 

 low: 



1879 



1878 



1877 



1876 



import*. 



413,020 

 397,022 

 411,280 



363,771 

 394,420 

 875,155 



exports. 



241,467 

 284,023 

 223,060 

 191,532 

 192,849 



Foreign 



65,193 



63,354 

 57,252 

 52,635 

 53,453 

 56,137 



Total | Total 

 exports, commerce. 



297,083 

 286,414 

 248,783 

 245,484 

 252,346 

 256,776 



I 719,680 

 694,105 

 697,644 

 611,775 

 614,255 



631,931 



The declared values of specie and bullion 

 imported and exported in 1882 and the three 

 preceding years were as follow, in thousands 

 of pounds : 



The import and export commerce with the 

 principal commercial nations in 1882, as com- 

 pared with 1881, was as follows, in thousands 

 of pounds : 



The import commerce with Europe and the 

 Levant amounted, in 1882, to 183,306,000, 

 against 163,552,000 in 1881 ; the export com- 

 merce to 88,834,000, against 87,621,000 ; 

 import commerce with countries of North and 

 South America in 1882, 108,707,000; in 1881, 

 120,962,000; exports in 1882 to American 

 countries, 54,528,000 ; in 1881, 51,740,000; 

 imports from all other foreign countries in 

 1882, 21,576,000; in 1881, 20,969.000; ex- 

 ports in 1882, 13,280,000; in 1881, 15,297,- 

 000 ; total imports from foreign countries in 

 1882, 313,589,000; in 1881, 305,483,000; 

 total exports to foreign countries in 1882, 156,- 

 642,000; in 1881, 154,658,000; imports from 

 British possessions in 1882, 99,431,000; in 

 1881, 91,53'9,000; exports to British posses- 

 sions in 1882, 84,825,000; in 1881, 79,365,000. 



The values imported and exported of the 

 general classes of merchandise in 1882 were as 

 follow : 



The imports of cereals were 67,834,000 ; 

 of fermented drinks, 8,066,000 ; exports, 2,- 

 635,000; of colonial produce, 43,034,000; ot 

 tobacco, 2,551,000 ; of animals and animal 

 food-products, 44,155,000 ; of textile materi- 

 als 85,199,000; of timber, etc., 18,042,000; 

 of hides, etc., 14,154,000 ; exports of coal, 

 9,565,000 ; of metals, 35,484,000 ; imports, 

 12,278,000 ; of textile fabrics and dress manu- 

 factures, 102,786,000 ; imports, 18,365,000; 

 of yarns, 18,41 0,000; imports, 3,311,000; of 

 leather manufactures, etc., 3,488,000; imports, 

 1,928,000; of vessels, machinery, locomotives, 

 etc., 13,621,000; of other metal manufactures, 

 7,268,000; imports, 2,642,000; of glass and 

 pottery, 3,395,000; imports, 1,679,000 ; of 

 paper manufactures, 1,305,000 ; of wood and 

 straw manufactures, 1,419,000 ; of books, etc., 

 1,170,000 ; imports of works of art, 501,- 

 000 ; imports of drugs, dyes, and chemicals, 

 6,636,000; exports, 6,603,000 ; imports of 

 resins, fats, and oils, 13,222,000 ; of fertilizers 

 and waste products, 1,848,000. 



The quantity of wheat imported from the Uni- 

 ted States in 1882 was 8,180,578 quarters; from 

 Russia, 3,233,238; from India, 1,978,078; from 

 Germany, 719,581 ; from Canada, 626,460 ; 

 from Australasia, 577,530; from Chili, 386,- 

 484; from Turkey, 122,836; from Roumania, 

 45,404; from Egypt, 40,801 ; from other coun- 

 tries, 47,124; total, including flour, 16,860,084 

 quarters of 480 pounds, value 44,869,032. 

 The large supplies which unexpectedly arrived 

 from Russia and India had the effect of keep- 

 ing down the prices, and of forcing the hands 

 of the holders of grain in the United States. 



The aggregate tonnage of sailing-vessels, 

 with cargoes, engaged in foreign trade, which 

 was entered at British ports in 1882, was 17,- 

 810,380 under the British, and 7,004,669 under 

 foreign flags; total, 24,815,049, against 23,224,- 

 708 in 1881, and 10,054,981 in 1860; tonnage 

 cleared, 20,392,626 British and 7,306,237 for- 

 eign; total, 27,698,863; steam tonnage en- 

 tered, 17,477,111 British and 3,854,333 foreign ; 

 total, 21,331,444, against 19,268,327 in 1881, 

 and 2,549 000 in 1860 ; steam tonnage cleared, 

 17,926,004 British and 3,987,910 foreign ; total, 

 21,914,814; total tonnage entered, 30,318,938; 

 cleared, 31,172,317. The aggregate tonnage of 

 coasting-vessels entered in 1882, not including 

 repeated voyages, was 41, 535,274; cleared, 35,- 

 353,775. 



The following table exhibits the number of 

 vessels constituting the merchant marine of 

 Great Britain and the aggregate number com- 

 posing the merchant fleets of the colonies, 

 with their registered tonnage in thousands of 

 tons in 1881 and 1882 : 



