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LITERATURE, BRITISH, IN 1883. (TRAVEL.) 



Addison. The third volume of the "Life of 

 Bishop Wilberforce " completes the work ; 

 Dean Swift's Life has been written by Mr. Hen- 

 ry Craik ; and an edition of the" Letters of Shel- 

 ley " is edited by Mr. RichardGarnett. Of course 

 the publication of Mr. Froude's " Letters and 

 Memorials of Mrs. Carlyle," and of the Carlyle- 

 Emerson correspondence, attracted general at- 

 tention and discussion. Dean Bradley's " Rec- 

 ollections" of Dean Stanley, and Bishop Thirl- 

 wall's " Letters," have also awakened much 

 public interest. The occurrence of the fourth 

 centenary of Luther drew from Mr. Froude 

 a short sketch of the great reformer; and 

 the " Life of Luther," by Kostlin, has appeared 

 in several editions. Among works of spe- 

 cial interest are the sketches of Arthur Hugh 

 Clough,by Waddington; Augustus De Morgan, 

 the renowned mathematician, by his wife ; 

 Prof. Clerk Maxwell, by Oliver Madox Brown ; 

 and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, by Sharp. There 

 have appeared also lives of Hegel, Shaftesbury, 

 Hutcheson, Hamilton, and of the Greek Philos- 

 ophers, as the year's contribution to philosoph- 

 ical biography. In science, besides the collec- 

 tion of " Heroes of Science," there have been 

 published Dr. Smiles's " Life of Nasmyth," the 

 " Life of Sir William Logan," geologist, and 

 the " Memoir of John Duncan," who was a 

 Scotch botanist. The field of historical biogra- 

 phy was largely covered in 1883 : The "Life 

 of Don John of Austria," by Sir William Ster- 

 ling Maxwell ; " Life of Sir Henry Durand " ; 

 the " Lords Advocates of Scotland from the 

 Close of the Fifteenth Century" ; the " History 

 of Marie Stewart," by her secretary, Claude 

 Nau, now first printed from the original manu- 

 script ; Madame Junot's "Memoirs" ; the" Life 

 of Lord Hawke," admiral of the fleet under 

 George II ; the " Diaries and Letters of Philip 

 Henry," and the "Diary of Richard Cocks," 

 who was a merchant in Japan in the seventeenth 

 century. The autobiographies of Anthony Trol- 

 lope and Sir Archibald Alison are the most im- 

 portant of the literary biographies; while the 

 " Retrospect of a Long Life," by S. 0. Hall, 

 has hardly attracted less attention than these. 

 Mr. Percy Fitzgerald's " Royal Dukes and Prin- 

 cesses of the Family of George III," and his 

 sketches of " Kings and Queens of an Hour " ; 

 Grace Greenwood's " Life of Queen Victoria " ; 

 Mr. Gladstone's life, with contemporaneous 



biography of eminent men, by Thomas Archer 

 and 0. R. Low's " Life of General Wolseley," 

 are to be enumerated ; and Thomson's " Life 

 of Bewick," the engraver, and Archer's " Eng. 

 lish Dramatists of To-Day," conclude our se- 

 lections from among the biographical works. 

 In history, specifically, the leading publication 

 is the continuation of the voluminous series of 

 " Historical Papers," which does not lessen 

 either in interest or importance. The " His- 

 tory of London," by Loftie, bears evidence of 

 industry and painstaking. Mr. J. R. Seeley 

 has written " The Expansion of England " ; 

 English county history has received accessions 



in Mr. Mason's " Norfolk," Watson's " Roman 

 Lancashire," and Fleet's " Glimpses of our An- 

 cestors in Sussex." Irish history is recount- 

 ed by Rev. Dennis Murphy, in " The History of 

 Cromwell's Irish Campaign," and Sir Gavan 

 Duffy's " Four Years of Irish History " ; " Lon- 

 don under the Four Georges " is written about 

 by Mr. Fitzgerald Molloy. Lord Stratford's 

 " Campaign in the Crimean War " has been 

 described by Skene, Sir William Muir's ac- 

 count of " The Early Caliphate" should be 

 noted, and the list closes with Brassey's 

 " History of the British Navy." 



Travel and Adventure. America, during 1883, 

 was specially favored by English tourists, and 

 we have three works giving the account of 

 their journeyings. Mr. Edward A. Freeman's 

 "Impressions," perhaps, attracted the most 

 attention of the three; Mr. Phil Robinson's 

 "Saints and Sinners" gives a rather favorable 

 view of Mormon life; and Mr. T. S. Hudson 

 describes lightly the country he traversed in 

 his " Scamper through America." Mr. Free- 

 man's "English Towns and Districts," Mr. 

 George Augustus Sala's "Living London," and 

 Richard Jefferies in his "Nature near Lon- 

 don," perform the same task for England. 

 Spain has been discussed by Gallenga in "Ibe- 

 rian Reminiscences," and in Mrs. Middlemore's 

 "Stories round a Posada Fire." Mr. R. L. 

 Stevenson has given an account of canoe- 

 travel on the rivers of France, in "An In- 

 land Voyage." Mrs. Burnaby has written 

 " The High Alps in Winter." " In the Alsa- 

 tian Mountains," by Katharine Lee, " On Sum- 

 mer Seas," by Mrs. Scott Stevenson, and Mr. 

 A. J. C. Hare's " Cities of Southern Italy and 

 Sicily," with the " Walk in Hellas," of Mr. 

 Snyder, are specimen books of Continental 

 travel. Mr. John Geddie's " Historical and 

 Descriptive Account of Russia," and a trans- 

 lation from the Polish, entitled " Siberian 

 Pictures," conclude the volumes of European 

 travel. The East has been liberally described 

 in a number of interesting works : " Moorish 

 Lotus-Leaves " is the rather fanciful title of a 

 book by Messrs. Cowan and Johnson. Cairo 

 is considered in "Five Months at Cairo and 

 in Lower Egypt," by Gabriel Charmes, and 

 Miss Whateley's " Scenes from Life in Cairo." 

 The subject of pyramid study is advanced in 

 Mr. 0. 'Staniland Wake's "The Origin and 

 Significance of the Great Pyramid," and Mr. 

 Petrie's " The Pyramids and Temples of Gi- 

 zeh." "Egypt and the Egyptian Question," 

 by Mr. Mackenzie Wallace, created a sensa- 

 tion in England by its plain treatment of the 

 subject. Capt. Burton and Commander Came- 

 ron's "To the Gold Coast for Gold," Col. 

 Durnford's " A Soldier's Life in South Afri- 

 ca," Mr. Mitford's "Through the Zulu Coun- 

 try," Mr. Ellis's "Land of Fetish," and Rev. 

 Mr. MacDonald's " Africana," are the prin- 

 cipal works in African travel. Two books 

 which have been generally praised are Miss 

 Bird's " Golden Chersonese," and Prof. Haeck- 



