600 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



"Le Dilettante d' Avignon," "Beaumarcliais & 

 Madrid," " Indiana," and " Le Chevreuil." He 

 wrote also a life of his brother, the composer. 



Iwaknra, Tomomi, a Japanese statesman, died 

 in Yeddo, July 20, 1883. Till within a short 

 time of his death, he held the post of Third 

 President of the Council, which he resigned on 

 account of ill health. He was a member of 

 the Kuge, or noble class, which had suffered in 

 political power and territorial position in com- 

 mon with the Mikado. He was educated at 

 Kioto, and attached himself at an early age to 

 the person and fortunes of the Mikado, who at 

 that time was kept in confinement and made 

 to endure all kinds of privations. Iwakura, 

 with the Prime Minister, Sanjo Sanerjoshi, 

 finally organized the party of the Mikado. In 

 1871 he went to the capital of Satsuma as spe- 

 cial envoy to obtain the assistance of that 

 prince. In August of the same year he was 

 constituted Vice Prime Minister, the office 

 which he held till his retirement. He opposed 

 the schemes of aggrandizement in Corea and 

 Formosa, which attracted the younger school 

 of politicians, and was accounted the chief of 

 the peace party. He was placed at the head 

 of the mission sent to Europe for the purpose 

 of revising the treaties with foreign powers, 

 but returned without accomplishing his object. 



Jessel, Sir George, an English judge, Master of 

 the Rolls, died in London, March 22, 1883. He 

 was the son of a Jewish merchant, and was 

 born in London in 1824, was graduated at Uni- 

 versity College in that city in 1844, and was 

 called to the bar in 1847. He was elected to 

 Parliament for Dover in 1868, and appointed 

 Solicitor-General in 1871, and Master of the 

 Rolls in 1873. He was the first Jew that ever 

 sat on the English bench, and received high 

 credit for his labors in working out the har- 

 monious combination of equity jurisdiction 

 with that of common law. 



Jung, Sir Salar, a Hindoo statesman, died of 

 cholera, at Hyderabad, Feb. 8, 1883, at the 

 age of 54. He was the descendant of a fam- 

 ily which had furnished the Nizam of the 

 Deccan, or Hyderabad, with his Dewan, or 

 Prime Minister, since the founding of the dy- 

 nasty in the beginning of the eighteenth century. 

 He filled official employments from his youth, 

 and in 1853 succeeded his uncle, Suraj-ul-Mulk, 

 as Prime Minister. He addressed himself to 

 the reform of the abuses which led to the in- 

 tervention of the English and the annexation 

 of the Berar province. The country was a 

 prey to a turbulent nobility who plundered the 

 rural districts, and a lawless Arab soldiery who 

 terrorized the capital. Lord Dalhousie medi- 

 tated the extension of British rule over the 

 Deccan, and such would have been the ulti- 

 mate fate of the Nizam's kingdom if the Muti- 

 ny had not taxed the energies of the British 

 to preserve the possessions already acquired. 

 "When the rebellion was suppressed, Salar Jung 

 had succeeded in reforming the state. He 

 gradually reduced the Arab mercenaries to 



discipline, and employed them to establish civil 

 order and subjugate the quarrelsome and free- 

 booting military chiefs. Trade and agriculture 

 revived, while the Dewan purged the court of 

 vices and corruption, and established an order- 

 ly civil administration on the British model. 

 His work was indifferently appreciated by the 

 Nizam Afzul-ud-Dowlah, who subjected him 

 to petty restrictions and suspicious surveil- 

 lance. On the death of that sovereign, he was, 

 in 1869, through pressure exerted by the In- 

 dian Government, appointed Regent, jointly 

 with the late Amir-i-Kabir, during the minor- 

 ity of the infant prince. His administrative 

 reforms were not suffered to relapse, but were 

 kept energetically in operation to the day of 

 his death, so that Hyderabad was as well gov- 

 erned as any of the British provinces. Salar 

 Jung cherished the hope that the English 

 would restore Berar to the Nizam, in which 

 vain expectation he visited England in 1876. 



Labonlaye, Edonard Rene Lefebvre, a French 

 jurist, died in Paris, May 25, 1883. He was 

 born in Paris, Jan. 18, 1811. In his 28th year 

 he won a wide reputation as a scholar by pub- 

 lishing a work on the "History of Landed 

 Property in Europe." He announced his trade, 

 that of a type-founder, on the title-page. Three 

 years later he obtained admission to the bar. 

 A second work, on the "Life and Doctrines of 

 Savigny," which first familiarized the French 

 with the teachings of the historical school, was 

 published about this time. This was followed 

 by elaborate treatises on " The Civil and Politi- 

 cal Condition of Women from the Time of the 

 Romans" (1843), and "Roman Criminal Legis- 

 lation respecting the Responsibilities of Magis- 

 trates " (1844). In 1849 he was chosen Profess- 

 or of Comparative Legislation in the College of 

 France. He was an ardent republican, and in 

 consequence of his opinions the Imperial Gov- 

 ernment found means to prevent his election 

 to the Corps Legislatif. He was a careful 

 observer of the politics of the United States, 

 and an admirer of the American Constitution. 

 In 1855 he published the first part of a " Politi- 

 cal History of the United States," which was 

 completed in 1866. He translated into French 

 the works of William Ellery Channing. He 

 wrote also " Studies on Germany and the Sla- 

 vonian Countries," and "Religious Liberty," 

 besides minor works. During the American 

 civil war he was a zealous advocate of the 

 cause of the Union, writing with this object, 

 "The United States and France." His most 

 popular work is "Paris in America" (1863), a 

 political allegory. A " Programme of the Lib- 

 eral Party" was published in 1865, and the 

 "Memoirs of Franklin" in 1866-'67. In the 

 beginning of 1870 he was appointed a member 

 of a commission to inquire into the administra- 

 tion of the Seine department. He ceased his 

 opposition to the. empire in the face of foreign 

 trouble, 'declaring his belief in the necessity of 

 a "peaceful revolution," and advocated an af- 

 firmative vote in the plebiscite of May, express- 



