OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



blood. He traced his lineage through thirty 

 or forty rulers to Kiutu, the founder of the 

 dynasty. He was tall, slim, and graceful, with 

 an intelligent face. He died of a consumptive 

 malady. His age was under fifty. 



Nilson, Swea, a Swedish naturalist, died Dec. 

 3, 1883. He was born at Landscrona, March 

 8, 1787. He was graduated at the University 

 of Lund in 1811, took charge of the natural 

 history museum, and in 1821 was appointed 

 professor. His great work on the " Scandina- 

 vian Fauna" was begun in 1820 and completed 

 in 1853. 



Obeidnllah, Sheik, died in Mecca in the autumn 

 of 1883. He was descended from the daugh- 

 ter of the Prophet, and was esteemed one of 

 the three holiest personages in Islam. He was 

 chief of the warlike Kurds who dwell on the 

 confines of Persia and Turkey, over whom the 

 Porte and the Shah both claimed the sover- 

 eignty. Obeidullah aimed to achieve the inde- 

 pendence of his tribe, and to wrest a sufficient 

 territory from Turkey or Persia. The authori- 

 ties at Stamboul are said to have incited him 

 to the invasion of Persia, even furnishing Mar- 

 tini-Henry rifles to the Kurds. In April, 1881, 

 a small army of Kurdish horsemen raided the 

 region around Lake Urumiyah, destroying the 

 Persian towns, under the lead of a son of the 

 sheik and a chief named Hamya Aga. The Per- 

 sian general, Mirya Khan, finally defeated them 

 in a pitched battle. When Obeidullah was ad- 

 vancing with his main army 'to support his son, 

 he learned that a large Turkish force was march- 

 ing upon him in the rear, and fled to the mount- 

 ains. An emissary of the Porte, by promises 

 of honors and distinction, lured him to Stam- 

 boul, where he was placed in confinement. Dur- 

 ing the fast of the Ramazan he made his escape, 

 and, rallying his followers, attempted another 

 raid, encouraged, it. was rumored, by the Rus- 

 sians. He was captured by the Turks in Octo- 

 ber, 1882, but was rescued by Kurds from the 

 convoy which was taking him to Mosul. He 

 was besieged in the mountain stronghold of 

 Kouruma and defeated. Disappointed in his 

 ambition and broken in health, he spent his last 

 days in religious exercises. He was visiting 

 the Kaaba at Mecca when, like many other 

 pilgrims, he fell a victim to the cholera. He 

 was a man of striking appearance, a Bedouin 

 of the purest blood, between fifty and sixty 

 years of age, below the medium stature, with 

 deep-sunk, gleaming eyes, under arched eye- 

 .brows, and a long, slightly aquiline nose. 



OTerstone, Baron, Samuel Jones Loyd, an Eng- 

 lish financier, died in London, Nov. 17, 1883. 

 He was born Sept. 25, 1796. His father, Rev. 

 Lewis Loyd, had abandoned the Church to 

 engage in business with his father-in-law, and 

 had built up the banking-house of Jones, Loyd 

 & Co., which was merged subsequently in the 

 London and Westminster Bank. He was edu- 

 cated at Eton and Cambridge, sat in Parlia- 

 ment from 1819 to 1826, succeeded his father 

 in the banking-house in 1844, and was raised 



to the peerage in 1850. He was the chief au- 

 thority in England on banking, and had great 

 influence in shaping financial legislation, and 

 especially in establishing the English monetary 

 system on a sound basis and giving the Bank 

 of England a sate and conservative constitu- 

 tion. He was chairman of the Irish Famine 

 Committee in 1847, and an influential pro- 

 moter of the Great Exhibition of 1851. 



Pierre, Pierre Joseph Gustave, commander of 

 the French squadron which bombarded the 

 ports of Madagascar, died early in Septem- 

 ber, 1883, on board the Caledonia, before land- 

 ing on his return voyage, while in quaran- 

 tine at Marseilles. He was one of the ablest 

 officers in the French navy ; but his acts in 

 Madagascar gave offense to the English, which 

 led to his recall. He was born Feb. 28, 

 1827, at Dijon, entered the naval school in 

 1841, distinguished himself at Mogadore and 

 Tangiers, and was promoted to be ensign in 

 1846, and lieutenant in 1853, serving from 

 1856 to 1858 in hydrographical labors. He 

 was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor 

 in 1857. From 1861 to 1865 he was aide-de- 

 camp to Admiral La Ronciere. He was pro- 

 moted captain in 1865, and commanded the 

 Nereide in Oceania in 1869-70. On his re- 

 turn he took part in the national defense, and 

 was present at the battle of Orleans. He was 

 director of evolutions at Cherbourg in 1872, 

 member of the hydrographical committee, and 

 commander of the Infernet in New Caledonia, 

 and was promoted to rear-admiral in 1880. 

 He aided in the revision of the cadre, and was 

 a member of the Almir'alty Council until he 

 took command of the Division of the Indian 

 Ocean, Feb. 1, 1883. 



Reid, Mayne, an English writer of fiction, 

 died Oct. 22, 1883, at his residence near Lon- 

 don, aged sixty -five. He was a native of the 

 north of Ireland, and was educated for the 

 Church, but following an adventurous bent he 

 started for Mexico in 1838, lived for five years 

 by trading and hunting in the far West, traveled 

 through the United States, took a commission 

 in the American army on the outbreak of the 

 Mexican War, and distinguished himself at Vera 

 Cruz and Cherubusco. He raised a company 

 in New York to aid the Hungarian revolution- 

 ists in 1849 ; but, learning of the failure of the 

 insurrection when he reached Paris, he settled 

 in London and devoted himself to writing^ ro- 

 mances in which the fruits of his observations 

 of nature and strange customs in many lands 

 were set off with thrilling plots and incidents. 

 His books have an irresistible fascination for 

 boys. The mo?t popular are the " Rifle Ran- 

 gers " and the " Scalp- Hunters." 



Uliailis. George, a Greek statesman, died in Sep- 

 tember, '1883, at the age of eighty. In the early 

 period of the Hellenic kingdom he filled the 

 post of Minister of Justice, and then became 

 President of the Supreme Court and Court of 

 Cassation, and Professor of Commercial Law 

 in the University. 



