710 



SALVADOR. 



SALVATION ARMY. 



dieted. Chief of these are smuggling at the 

 German and Austrian frontiers, and the abuses 

 connected with the liquor-traffic. They are 

 accused of seducing the peasantry to drink, 

 and getting away their earnings. A third 



complaint is the avoidance of military service. 

 The greater portion of Jewish conscripts are 

 detailed as musicians or attached to the depart- 

 ments. Extremely few distinguish themselves 

 by bravery, or rise to the grade of officer. 



S 



SALVADOR, a republic of Central America. 

 Area, 18,720 square kilometres; population, 

 954,785. The President is Dr. R. Zaldivar y 

 Lazo (elected in May, 1876). The Cabinet is 

 composed of the following ministers : Foreign 

 Affairs and Justice, Seflor 8. Gallegos; War 

 and Finance, P. Melendez ; Public Instruction, 

 D. Lopez. The President of the Senate was J. 

 Moreno, and of the Chamber of Deputies, J. 

 Avila. Capital, San Salvador. 



Finance. The revenue in 1881 was $3,952,- 

 000 ; the outlay, $3,827,000. 



In the budget for 1882 the revenue and ex- 

 penditure were estimated as follow : 

 INCOME. 



From customs $1,847,000 



Spirit and powder monopolies 988.000 



Stamp-tax 73,000 



Post-Office and telegraphs 82,000 



Sundry items of revenue 1,012,000 



Total $3,952,000 



OUTLAY. 



Civil-list of President 



Assembly 



Foreign Department 



Department of Justice 



the Interior 



Public Instruction . . 

 " Finance and War . . . 



Army , 



Public Works.. 



$15,000 



26,000 



40,000 



92,000 



55,000 



152,000 



112,000 



900,000 



265,000 



Publicdebt 852,000 



Subsidy to Pacific Mail steamers 65,000 



Post-Office and telegraphs 83,000 



Customs 85,000 



Tax collection (monopolies) 323,000 



Other expenditure 1,307,000 



Total $3,827,000 



The national debt amounted, on Oct. 1, 1881, 

 to $566,505 ; the floating debt, $1,668,124. 



Railroads. The first line of railway, between 

 Acajutla and Sonsonate, went into operation 

 in July, 1882 ; the line between Sonsonate and 

 Santa Ana (La Libertad, the port) is being 

 built. Engineers are surveying the line for the 

 railroad from La Libertad to San Salvador, 

 which is about to be constructed by English 

 capitalists under a concession from the state. 



Telegraphs. There were in operation, in 1881, 

 about 2,100 miles of wire, the service being 

 carried on in 48 offices. Number of telegrams 

 sent in the same year, 138,869; 83,894 were 

 private dispatches and 54,975 Government. 



Commerce. There entered the ports of Salva- 

 dor, in 1881, altogether 334 vessels, of an ag- 

 gregate tonnage of 413,988, 245 being steamers, 

 including eleven men-of-war. 



The imports in 1881 were valued at $2,705,- 

 410, the exports at $4,902,436. 



The most important articles of export in 1881 

 were coffee, 1,940,000 pounds, worth $2,909,- 



200; indigo, 1,470,000 pounds, worth $1,470,- 

 200; bar silver, $105,440; sugar, 3,493,000 

 pounds, worth $104,800; specie, $55,634; Pe- 

 ruvian balsam, hides and skins, etc. 



By decree of Sept. 21, 1883, the Government 

 of Salvador, desirous of stimulating foreign 

 trade, decided that, dating from October 1st in 

 the same year, the import duty on all goods 

 should be reduced 10 per cent., and that, dating 

 from Jan. 1, 1884, a further duty reduction of 

 10 per cent, should be made. 



SALVATION ARMY, a religious band, claiming 

 to be converted men and women, who are or- 

 ganized somewhat in military fashion ; their 

 purpose being to make all men listen to the 

 claims which God has upon their time and ser- 

 vice, and compel them to yield him his due. 

 The Army was originated in London, England, 

 in the year 1865, by the Rev. William Booth, 

 its present general-in-chief. He was brought 

 up in the Church of England, converted among 

 the Methodists, and afterward became a travel- 

 ing preacher among them, and labored as such 

 till 1861, when he gave himself up, with his 

 wife (who is the author of several works), to 

 evangelistic work. They were eminently suc- 

 cessful, and thousands were added to the 

 churches. In 1865 Mr. Booth was led to the 

 east of London, where the ignorance and vice 

 were appalling, and here he gave himself to the 

 work of making these people hear and know 

 of God and salvation. The Salvation Army 

 is the result. He set out with the purpose of 

 getting his apostles of salvation out of the gin- 

 mills. How far he has succeeded, this won- 

 derful Army is his witness. 



The present name was adopted when, after 

 eleven years of deliverance to captive sinners, 

 it was found that it was virtually an army 

 of salvation, since which epoch it has made its 

 most rapid advances. It has made greater 

 progress than any other religious movement 

 since the Lutheran reformation. It numbers 

 500 corps in Great Britain and Ireland, and 

 reaches millions of people by its out-door 

 marches and meetings. It has divisions and 

 divisional headquarters in Sweden, Switzer- 

 land, France, Germany, Africa, India, Aus- 

 tralia, New Zealand, Tasmania, and the United 

 States. Sixteen weekly papers, each known 

 as "The War-Cry," are published in these dif- 

 ferent countries. Their aggregate circulation 

 is 26,000,000 copies a year. 



The movement reached America in 1880. 

 Commissioner Roilton and seven Hallelujah 

 lasses were the first contingent. After a time 

 Roilton was recalled, and Major Thomas E. 



