INDEX 



429 



Polyembryony, specific in armadillos, 



376, 377 



Polyodon folium, 132 * 

 Polyprotodontia, 345, 354, 355*, 356 

 Polypterus, 108, 111, 128, 129, 130*, 



131, 159; P. bichir, 129; P. senegalus, 



129, 130 * 



Porcupines, 372 *, 373 

 Porcupine-fish, 112, 151, 152 

 Porpoise, 17 *, 402 

 Prsecoces, 323 

 Prairie-hen, 299 



Pre-oral body cavity, of Amphioxus, 48 

 -Pre-oral pit, of Amphioxus, 48 

 Primates, 346, 378-388; classification 



of, 378 



Priodontes, 376 

 Pristidae, 123, 124 *, 125 

 Pristis antiquorum, 124 * 

 Pro-avis hypothetical cursorial an- 

 cestor of birds, 272 * 

 Proboscidia, 346, 395 *, 396 

 Procellariiformes, 289, 294, 295 

 Procyon lotor, 367 *, 368 

 Procyonidse, 368 

 Proechidna bruinjnii, 349 *, 350; P. 



nigroaculeata, 349 *, 350 

 Pro-mammals, time, place, etc., of 



origin, 335, 336 

 Pronephros, in Myxinoidea, 90; of 



Ammocates, 95 

 Proteidae, 192-194 

 Proteus anguineus, 192, 193 * 

 Protopoda, 214 

 Protopterus cethiopicus, 112, 155, 158 



P. annectans, 155 *; P. dolloi, 158 

 Prototheria, 345, 347-352 

 Prosauria, 231, 232 

 Psephurus, 132 

 Pseudobranchus striatus, 194 

 Pseudosuchia, 242 

 Psittacus erithacus, 303 * 

 Psittaci, 305 

 Ptarmigan, 299 

 Pteraspis, 170 

 Pterobranchia, 33, 60 

 Pterocles, 302 

 Pterodactyl, 218. 224 

 Pterodon, 224 



Pteroglossus, beak of, 282 * 

 Pteropus, 363 

 Ptilodus gracilis, skull of, 338 * 



Ptychodera, 64, 84 



Puffer, 112, 151, 152 



Puffin, 302 



Pyrosoma, 56 * . 



Python, 256 *, P. seba, 256 * 



Pytonius, 180 * 



Quail, 299 

 Quezal, 307 *, 308 



Raccoons, 368, 367 * 



Racial senescence, structural criteria 



of, 20, 21, 163 

 Rag-fish, 111 



Raia batis, 124 *; eggs of, 164 

 Rana pipiens, 200 *, R. catesbiana, 



200*, 203; R. esculenta, 200*; R. 



temporaria, 203 

 Ranidse, 202, 203 

 Raninse, 203 

 Ranzania makua, 153 * 

 Ratitae (see Neornithes RatitsB) 

 Ratite birds (see Neornithes Ratitae) 

 Recapitulation theory, 23, 24 

 Recurvirostra, foot of, 280 *; beak of, 



282* 



Remora brachyptera, 148 *, 149 

 Reptilia, 13, 14, 69, 210-259; char- 

 acters of, 225, 226 

 Respiratory system, of Amphioxus, 38; 



of Balanoglossus, 64; of lamprey, 92; 



of Pisces, 106 *, 107 *, 108, 109; of 



Squalus, 116; of turtle, 231; of bird, 



270 



Rhabdopleura, 31, 32, 65, 66, 67 * 

 Rhacophorus pardalis, 200 *, 201 

 Rhamphastus ariel, 307 * 

 Rhea, 284, 285*; R. americana, 284, 



285* 



Rheiformes, 284 

 Rhina squatina, 122 *, 123 

 Rhinoceros bicornis, 393 * 

 Rhinocerotidse, 393, 394 

 Rhinodontidae, 121, 122, 123 

 Rhodeus amarus, embryos of, 135 *, 137 

 Rhynchocephalia, 216, 232, 233 

 Rhynchops, beak of, 282 * 

 Rhynchotus rufescens, 303 * 

 Rhytidoceros undulatus, 303 * 

 Ribbon-fish, 150 

 Road runner, 305 

 Rodentia, 346, 370-373 



