FISHES ABUNDANT. 41 



Europe, are all younger than the Grampians, or even the in- 

 significant Mendip Hills of southern England. Stratification 

 tells this tale as plainly as Livy tells the history of the Roman 

 republic. It tells us to use the words of Professor Phillips 

 that at the time when the Grampians sent streams and detritus 

 to straits where now the valleys of the Forth and Clyde meet, 

 the greater part of Europe was a wide ocean. 



