292 NOTES. 



(87.) Wiseman's Lectures on the Connexion between Science and 

 Kevealed Keligion, i. 44. 



(88.) Schoolcraft. 



(89.) Views of the Cordilleras. 



(90.) The view of civilization here controverted is to be found in 

 Archbishop Whateley's Lectures on Political Economy. In Additions 

 to the fifth edition of his Grace's Elements of Rhetoric, the argu- 

 ment from the Mandans is impugned, on the grounds that there is 

 no proof of their originally having been savages, or of the same race 

 with the other North Americans, or of their civilization not having 

 been introduced from without. Mr. Catlin is also represented as 

 stating in private that he presumed the Mandans, from their external 

 appearance, to be a distinct race. Their distinctness and the inde- 

 pendent origin of the civilization I am represented as having assumed, 

 contrary to all logical science. I would reply briefly, that censure 

 on the last point, were it just, would come ill from one who is willing 

 wholly to assume, in this case, the opposite position. It is not just, 

 however, for were the Mandans, as his Grace supposes, the remains 

 of a civilized people introduced from without, they ought to have had 

 a distinct language, which is not pretended. External peculiarities 

 are precisely those which civilization modifies, and they therefore 

 tell not in the case. Then as to Mr. Catlin's privately expressed 

 admission, it is sufficient to refer to his own words, quoted at a later 

 portion of my text, where he expressly attributes the improvement of 

 the Mandans to the external circumstances to which I in part trace 

 all civilization. Unprompted, unprejudiced, untampered with testi- 

 mony, such as we find in Mr. Catlin's book, seems to me worth con- 

 siderably more than anything on the opposite side of a merely 

 theoretical nature. 



(91.) The problem of Chinese civilization, such as it is so puz 

 zling when we consider that they are only, as will be presently seen, 

 the child race of mankind is solved when we look to geographical 

 position producing fixity of residence and density of population. 



(92.) Lord's Popular Physiology, explaining observations by M. 

 Serres. 



(93.) Conformably to this view, the beard, that peculiar attribute 

 of maturity, is scanty in the Mongolian, and scarcely exists in the 

 Americans and Negroes. 



(94.) Missionary Scenes and Labours in Southern Africa. 



(95.) " Is not God the first cause of matter as well as of mind ? 

 Do not the first attributes of matter lie as inscrutable in the bosom 



