08 



was unknown, and benzole acid, which, however, 

 for the most part occurred only in the urine of 

 children. CRUIKSIIANK, who was employed by 

 HOLLO to examine diabetic urine, instituted af- 

 terwards an exact analysis of human urine, as 

 well in its healthy state, as in various diseases, 

 and hence very important results were obtained. 

 He described the urea showed its property of 

 being precipitated by nitric acid, and stated cer- 

 tain methods to determine with precision the re- 

 lative quantities of the different constituent parts. 

 His experiments on the urine of sick persons have 

 given Physicians very good diagnostic signs, of 

 which none, who practice medicine, ought to be 

 ignorant. Thus he found, for instance, that urine, 

 during the state we call fever, acquires the pro- 

 perty of being precipitated by corrosive subli- 

 mate. In a higher fever it is precipitated by 

 alum, and in still higher degTees, by nitric acid. 

 In common dropsy he found albumen in the 

 urine in considerable quantity, as also, though in 

 less quantity, in indigestion ; but, on the other 

 hand, its quantity was not increased in encysted 

 dropsies, &c. CRUIKSHANK'S work was pub- 

 lished in 1797, as a part of HOLLO'S treatise on 

 Diabetes mellitus. Three years afterwards, 

 FOURCROY and VAVQUELIN published a still 



