188 The Evolution of Mind. 



Examples are found in the dog's power of smell, the eagle's 

 power of sight, the ant's power of tunneling and the ability 

 of domestic animals to find their way back to their old haunts 

 by a direct route hundreds of miles long and that is entirely 

 unknown to them.* A fly surely cannot, with its compound 

 eyes, see the world as we do.f Its psychic method of ad- 

 justing bodily movements to its environment cannot be like 

 ours. However diverse its mental make, or that of any 

 other creature below us may be, we certainly do observe a 

 serial character within the grand total. The differentiation 

 of organs of sense from simple surface feeling seems to be 

 a fair inference from observed facts. In the lowest forms 

 we find the sense of touch their only visible avenue of 

 knowledge. In the higher ones we find fully developed 

 special senses. Between these extremes we find many de- 

 grees. The lowest can know but little beyond themselves. 

 The highest can study the myriads of stars that dot space,, 

 as to their physical and chemical conditions. There are 

 many degrees between. The sphere of known space expands 

 with the development of the mind and organs of sense. £ 

 Observation likewise reveals the fact that mental progress 

 in the knowledge of time continually adds itself to the 

 knowledge of space. While men of high intelligence are 

 provident and careful, looking out for all possible future 

 contingencies that might bring them suffering, the less in- 

 telligent show less such forethoughts The farther down 

 the scale we travel, the less and less this mental trait is re- 

 vealed. Prevision is a constantly developing poAver. The 

 prophets of to-day are greater than those of the past. With 

 the advance of science, our power of prediction increases, 

 and we become enabled to look farther and farther back into 

 the past. With this development in the knowledge of time 

 and space, goes a development in the discovery of differences 

 between things that at first look the same. || This growth 

 in specialty of mental correspondence with the world with- 

 out, lies at the very base of knowledge. Every fact in 

 every field of thought is but an experience, labeled with a 

 name to distinguish it from all other experiences from which 

 it differs. If It is evident that the totality of experiences in 



*Mind, Vol. 5, p. 581. t Hogg's The Microscope, p. 583. 



X Spencer's Psychology, Vol. 1, p. 318. 



§Ribot's English Psychology, pp. 162, 163 (Spencer). 



|| Spencer's Psychology, Vol.1, pp. 329-341. 



IfFiske's Cosmic Philosophy, pp. 3-21. 



