FRINGILLHXE. 177 



Orange River, as it was migrating to the eastward. He only obtained 

 one shot at the numerous Blocks ne observed, and killed one pair of 

 males. This is probably another of Le Vaillant's inventions, the bird 

 being a native of India. 



Genus DILOPHUS, Vieil. 



Bill long, straight, rather depressed, and broad at the base, 

 with the culmen curved, and the sides compressed to the tip, 

 which is emarginated ; the gonys curved, and ascending ; the 

 nostrils lateral, and placed in a membranous groove, with the 

 opening rounded and exposed ; wings moderate, with the 

 first quill spurious, the second rather shorter than the third 

 and first, which are equal and longest ; tail even, short ; tarsi 

 longer than the middle toe, strong, and covered in front with 

 broad transverse scales ; toes moderate, the outer toe rather 

 longer than the inner, and united at the base ; the hind toe 

 long ; the claws moderate, slightly curved, and acute. 



353. Dilophiis Carunculatus. (Gmei.) 



Gallinaceus, Lath. ; E. Larvata, Shaw, Vol. 7, p. 468 ; 

 Le Porte Lambeau, Le Vail., Pis. 93 and 94 ; Guv., 

 Vol. 1, p. 425 ; Creatophora Carunculata, Lesson, 

 Comp. Aux. CEuv. de Buf, Vol. XX., p. 308. 



GENERAL colour, cinereous ; shoulder and upper part of wings, 

 white ; rest of wing and tail black, or dark- brown, with green 

 reflections. Head in adult male naked, bright yellow, with 

 black wattles. Female head not naked, and coloured -as on 

 back. Length, 8" 6" ; wing, 4" 6"' ; tail, 2" 10'". 



Frequents the same country as the common spreo, with which it is 

 often found mingled ; though it not unfrequently flies in large flocks 

 composed wholly of individuals of its own species. 



Specimens with developed wattles are very scarce, and none that I 

 have ever seen have these appendages as enlarged as those figured by 

 Le Vaillant, loc. cit. Perhaps in the country where it breeds it may 

 acquire such during the nesting season: Mr. Schwartz, of Zoetendals 

 Vley, informs me that he once found this species breeding in his 

 neighbourhood. A large company formed their nests in a dense bush, 

 reared their young, and departed. He never saw them nest at any 

 other time. 



The Fourth Family, FRINGILLIDJE, or 

 Finches, 



contaios a numerous series of small, and for the most part 

 strong birds, that have the bill short, thick, strong, and more 

 or less conic, without emargiuation at tlie tip, but generally 

 angular and thick at the base. 

 w 



