LIST AND DESCRIPTION 117 



583. LINCOLN'S SPARROW (Melospiza lincolni lincolni.) 



A small Sparrow rather dark colored, profusely striped, 

 with a brownish area on the breast. It loves to run about on the 

 ground, going in and out of brush piles. A migrant. 



585. Fox SPARROW (Passerella iliaca iliaca.) 



A somewhat irregular migrant in the eastern part of the 

 State and larger than most of our Sparrows. 



Above, gray and brown; below, profusely marked with 

 reddish brown spots; tail reddish brown. 



587. ToWHEE (Pipilo erythrophthalrnus erythrophthalmus.) 



"CHEWINK." 



This splendid bird of the underbrush is a little larger than 

 an Oriole. The male has black head and back, chestnut sides, 

 and white belly. Three outer tail feathers also are white. It is 

 named for its song, "to-hee-ee-ee," uttered with a distinct pause 

 after "to," almost as though the song came from two birds. 

 Chewinks are found only in the eastern part of the State. They 

 are often seen scratching up leaves under bushes like barnyard 

 hens. Summer residents. 



588. ARCTIC TOWHEE (Pipilo maculatus arcticus.) 



Abundant in migration over the State and probably breeds 

 west of the Missouri River. Larger than the preceding. More 

 white on wings but only one third of outer tail feathers white. 

 Habits same as No. 587. 



593. CARDINAL (Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis.) 



The Cardinal is nearly as large as the Blue Jay. The 

 male is flaming red but for the black throat and forehead. Fe- 

 male, dull brownish red. Both have crest feathers. The Gros- 

 beaks all have massive bills for the crushing of seeds. South 

 Dakota is at the northern limit of their range, but several pairs 

 are now annual residents in the timbered area of Union and Clay 

 counties. 



595. ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK (Zamelodia ludoviciana.) 



The male is black and white, with V-shaped rose colored 

 breast. The female is as homely as the male is beautiful. Her 



