OBSERVATION OUTLINE 383 



II. Food. 



1. KINDS OF FOOD. 



Weed seeds (exs. Finches and Sparrows). 



Flies, mosquitoes, etc. (exs. Swallows and Goatsuck- 



ers). 



Ants (ex. Flicker). 



Caterpillars (exs. Cuckoos and Cedar-bird). 

 Elm leaf -beetles and cankerworms (ex. Cedar-bird). 

 Eggs and larvae of cankerworms (exs. Chickadees, 



Woodpeckers, and Creepers). 

 Grasshoppers and crickets (exs. Meadowlark and 



Crow). 

 Mice and rats, etc. (exs. Hawks and Owls). 



2. MANNER OF OBTAINING FOOD. 



Lie in wait for prey (exs. Flycatchers and Hawks). 

 Fall on prey without warning. 

 Give call of warning. 



Take food on wing (exs. Swallows, Swifts, Goatsuck- 

 ers). 



III. Song (by male only, or by female also). 



1. MANNER AND TIME OF SINGING. 

 From a perch (ex. Song Sparrow). 

 In the air (ex. Bobolink). 



In the night (ex. Mockingbird). 

 Time of joining daybreak chorus. 



2. CHARACTER OF SONG. 



Plaintive (exs. Wood Pewee and Meadowlark). 

 Happy (ex. Bobolink). 

 Long (exs. Mockingbird and Catbird). 

 Short (exs. Bluebird and Chickadee). 



3. VARIETY OF CALL NOTES. 



IV. Habits. 



1. USE WINGS IN SPECIAL WAYS. 

 As weapons (ex. Doves). 



As musical instruments (ex. Ruffed Grouse). 



2. Go IN FLOCKS (exs. Waxwings and Blackbirds). 



