ANKLE JOINr 



423 



and note their relations to the anterior and posterior 

 parts of the articular capsule. Anteriorly, from the medial 

 to the lateral side lie the tibialis anterior, the flexor hallucis 

 longus, the anterior 

 tibial artery, the deep 

 peroneal nerve, and the 

 extensor digitorum 

 longus with the pero- 

 naeus tertius. The 

 anastomotic branch of 

 the peroneal artery 

 descends across the 

 anterior talo-fibular liga- 

 ment lateral to the 

 peronaeus tertius (Fig. 

 154). Behind the 

 joint, from the medial 

 to the lateral side, the 

 structures in close rela- 

 tion with the capsule 

 are, the tibialis posterior, 

 the flexor digitorum 

 longus, the posterior 

 tibial artery, the tibial 

 nerve, the flexor hallucis 

 longus, and the terminal 

 part of the peroneal 

 artery. More posteriorly, 

 separated from the flexor 

 hallucis longus by a 

 large pad of fat, is the 

 tendo calcaneus with 

 the tendon of the 

 plantaris on its medial 

 side. The tendons of 

 the tibialis posterior 



FIG. 196. Frontal Section through the Ankle 

 Joint, the Tibio-Fibular Syndesmosis, and 

 the Talo-Calcaneal Joints. The deltoid 

 ligament, on the medial side, and the 

 posterior talo-fibular and the calcaneo- 

 fibular ligaments, on the lateral side, are 

 shown in the section. The strong inter- 

 osseous talo - calcanean ligament is seen 

 forming the lateral boundary of the joint 

 between the head of the talus and the 

 sustentaculum tali. The positions of the 

 distal epiphyseal lines of the tibia and 

 fibula should be observed. 



Light blue = articular cartilage. 

 Striped blue ligaments. 

 Green = periosteum. 

 Red = synovial membrane. 



and the flexor digi- 

 torum longus lie against the superficial surface of the deltoid 

 ligament, and the tendons of the peronaeus longus and brevis 

 cross the lateral surface of the calcaneo-fibular ligament. 



Dissection. Cut through the anterior talo-fibular ligament, 

 the calcaneo-fibular ligament, and the greater part of the deltoid 



127 a 



