THORACIC CAVITY 



123 



(4) A line from the apex to the lower border of the second left 

 costal cartilage. This line should be convex upwards and to 

 the left ; the point of greatest convexity should coincide with 

 the lower border of the fourth left costal arch, and the upper 



Right common carotid artery 

 Orifice of right internal jugular vein j 



Right subclavian artery 

 Right subclavian vein j j 



Innominate artery 



Right superior inter- 

 costal vein 



Vena azygos 



Eparterial branch of 

 right bronchus 



Stem of right bronchus 

 Right vagus nerve 



Right intercostal vein 



Right aortic intercostal 



artery 



Right greater splanchnic 

 nerve 



Right sympathetic 

 trunk 



Inferior vena cava 



Left common carotid artery 

 End of left internal jugular vein 

 Left subclavian artery 

 I Left subclavian vein 



Fi 



Trachea 

 Termination of 

 aortic arch 



Left bronchus 

 F~ Left vagus nerve 



Descending thoracic aorta 

 ; CEsophageal plexus 



FIG. 6 1. Dissection of the Posterior Mediastinum and the posterior part 

 of the Superior Mediastinum, from the anterior aspect. 



extremity should be situated about 13 mm. (half an inch) 

 from the left margin of the sternum. It marks the position 

 of the left border of the heart, which is formed in the 

 lower four-fifths of its length by the left ventricle and in the 

 remaining fifth by the left atrium. 



A line from the upper border of the sternal end of the 



