TYMPANIC MUSCLES 



which passes forwards, from the root of the processus anterior, to the 

 anterior wall of the tympanum in the neighbourhood of the petro- 

 tympanic fissure ; (2) a lateral ligament, which extends from its lateral 

 process to the margin of the incisura tympanica ; and (3) a superior 

 ligament, which connects the head with the roof of the tympanum. 



The ligament of the incus binds the extremity of its short crus to the 

 posterior wall of the tympanum, whilst the annular ligament of the stapes 

 connects the margin of its base to the circumference of the fenestra vestibuli. 



Tympanic Muscles. Two muscles are associated with 

 the tympanum, viz., the stapedius and the tensor tympani. 



Membrana tympani 



Epitympanic recess \ 



Malleus ' .' 



Cochlea 

 Internal meatus 



Internal carotid 

 Osseous part of auditory tu 

 Base of spine of sphenoid 



Cartilaginous part of 

 auditory tube 

 Otic ganglion 



Nerve to internal pterygoid 



Levator veli palatini 



Pharyngeal recess 



Cartilage of auditory tube 



Middle concha - 

 Anterior lip of auditory tu 



Tensor veli palatini 



inferior concha 



Hamulus 



Palate 



External meatus 

 Tympanic plate 



Condyle of mandible 

 Middle meningeal artery 



Mandibular nerve 

 External pterygoid 

 -- Cavity of auditory tube 



Internal maxillary artery 

 Internal pterygoid 

 .Ramus of mandible 



Masseter 



FIG. 2 1 8. Oblique section of a part of the Head showing the relations 

 of the Auditory Tube. 



The stapedius occupies the interior of the pyramid and the 

 canal which curves downwards from it. The delicate tendon 

 of the stapedius enters the tympanum, through the aperture 

 on the summit of the pyramid, and is inserted into the 

 posterior aspect of the neck of the stapes. The stapedius 

 muscle is supplied by a branch from the facial nerve. 



The tensor tympani arises from the upper part of the cartilage 

 of the auditory tube and from the contiguous parts of the 

 great wing of the sphenoid and the petrous part of the temporal 

 in 33 c 



