AVES. 



273 



Species. 



Cervical. Dorsal. Sacral. Caudal. 



Buzzard 11 7 10 8 



Kite 12 8 11 8 



Great Horned 



Owl 13 7 12 8 



Hawk-owl 11 8 11 8 



Order. INSESSORES. 



Flycatcher .... 10 



Black-bird .... 11 



Tanager 10 



Crow 13 



Magpie 13 



Jay". 12 



Starling 10 



Gross-beak.... 10 



Bull-finch .... 10 



Sparrow ...... 9 



Goldfinch .... 11 



Titmouse .... 11 



Lark 11 



Redbreast .... 10 



Swallow 11 



Night-jar .... 11 



Humming-bird 14 



Hoopoe 12 



King-fisher .... 12 



Order. SCANSORES. 



Woodpecker ..12 8 10 9 



Toucan (Ariel) 12 8 12 9* 



PaiTOt 11 9 11 8 



Order. RASORES. 



Pigeon 13 7 13 7 



Peacock 14 7 12 8 



Pheasant 13 7 15 5 



Turkey 15 7 10 5 



Crested Curas- 



sow 15 8 10 7 



Order. CURSORES. 



Ostrich 18 10 17 9 



Cassowary .... 16 10 19 7 



Rhea 14 9 ?f ? 



Emeu 19 9 19 9 



Order. GRALLATORES. 



Heron 18 7 10 7 



Stork 19 7 12 8 



Crane 19 9 12 7 



Argala 14 7 13 7 



Spoon-bill 17 7 14 8 



Avoset 14 9 10 8 



Plover 15 8 10 7 



Lapwing . . 14 8 10 7 



Wood-cock.... 18 7 13 8 



Curlew 13 8 10 8 



Oyster-catcher.. 12 9 15 7 



Rail 13 8 13 8 



Coot 15 10 13 8 



Jacana 14 8 13 7 



Flamingo 18 7 12 7 



* Cuvier says "phis de 7 : " we have ascertained 

 the above number in a dissection of a recent spe- 

 cimen of this singular genus ( Rhamphastos Ariel, 

 Vigors) Zool. Proceedings, vol. 11. p. 42. 



t This part of the spine is singularly modified 

 and interrupted by a natural atrophy of many of 

 the vertebrae. 



VOL. I. 



Species. Cervical. Dorsal. Sacral. Caudal 



Order. NATATORES. 



Pelican 16 



Cormorant .... 16 



Tern 14 



Gull 12 



Petrel 14 



Catarrhactes . . 13 



Swan 23 



Goose 16 



Barnacle 18 



Duck 14 



Sheldrake .... 16 



Scoter 15 



Merganser .... 15 



Grebe 14 



The skull in all the Vertebrated Classes is 

 composed of a considerable number of osseous 

 pieces, which, in the Mammalia, unite in defi- 

 nite numbers and proportions, so as to form 

 the bones termed occipital, temporal, sphenoidal, 

 &c. In the cold-blooded Vertebrate the com- 

 ponent parts of these bones generally remain 

 separated throughout life, giving an appear- 

 ance of great complexity to the skull, and occa- 

 sioning much difficulty in tracing their cor- 

 respondence with the cranial bones of the 

 higher classes. Equal difficulty is experi- 

 enced in determining the component parts of 

 the head in Birds, but from a very different 

 cause. In the cold-blooded Crocodile, and 

 Fish, this difficulty is caused by the tardiness 

 of ossification, which prevents the coalition of 

 the several elements of the cranial bones into 

 their determinate groups ; while, in Birds, the 



Fig. 126. 



,---20 



Skull of a young Ostrich. 



