Fig, 54. 
Superficial lymphatics of the lower extremity. 
( After Mascagni. ) 
a, Saphena major vein. 
6, Inguinal glands. 
e, Commencing branches. z 
d, e, f, g, The continuations of the vessels simi- 
larly marked in the former wood-cut. 
At least two lymphatics, which are united 
frequently by short branches crossing from one 
to the other, accompany each of these arteries, 
and all are ultimately conducted by the blood- 
vessels to the popliteal glands, in which they 
terminate. The vasa efferentia of these glands, 
from two to six in number, entwine around the 
LYMPHATIC AND LACTEAL SYSTEM. 
liteal and femoral vessels, having uent 
Camuinoncassiea with each other by = OSS 
branches, until they reach the inguinal region 
where they terminate for the pee in 
deep-seated cluster of se yey glands; one 
more, however, may reach the superficial glam 
or even those accompanying the e t 
artery above Poupart’s ligament. The 
seated lymphatics in their course are joined 
branches which have accompanied the prine 
ramifications of the bloodvessels; they also 
various points form communications with | 
superficial lymphatic vessels. ~ 
e superficial lymphatics of the lower extt 
mities may be divided into two Pe ) 
sisting of numerous vessels which fo! more ¢ 
less the course of the saphena major vein al 
terminate in the inguinal glands; the other cot 
posed of but few vessels, which, accompany 
the saphena minor vein, join the popliteal g! 
The latter take origin from the dorsal surfa 
of the little toe and from the outer edge of @ 
dorsum and sole of the foot ; they proceed wil 
the branches of the saphena minor vein in 
direction of the xine malleolus, from then 
to the outer edge of the tendo Achillis, whi 
they glide with the vein under the fascia of t 
leg to reach the centre of the gastrocnem 
muscle, between the heads of which they ¢ 
to join the popliteal glands. The super 
lymphatics which accompany the saphena 
jor vein commence on the dorsal su of | 
toes, where they communicate with the di 
lymphatics. On the dorsum .of the foot th 
ascend in from three to six branches; the mo 
internal mount over the internal malleolus w 
the branches of the saphena major vein to tl 
inside of the knee; the most external pass ov 
the external malleolus and outer side of the le 
at a higher or lower level however, they a 
directed inwards and pass over the spine 
inner surface of the tibia to join the former, 
the inner side of the knee; those from | 
centre part of the dorsum of the foot ascend” 
front of the tibia ; these also soon tend in 
to be associated with the rest. 
Another set take origin from the sole of ¢ 
foot and proceed upwards on the back of © 
leg superficial to the fascia, having commu 
cated freely with the lymphatics accompany 
the saphena minor vein. These also soc 
later turn inwards to gain the inside of 
knee. From these sources some twelve or 
teen branches may be enumerated, which 
tinue to ascend on the inside of the thigh 
the saphena major vein. Some few pass un 
the fascia lata to join the deep-seated vess 
From the back of the leg and thigh they rece 
an accession to their numbers of several vesst 
the mest of these reach them from the insic 
some few from the outside of the limb. 4 
ultimately terminate in the superficial clus 
of glands in the groin. Some few, howeve 
may dip down to join the deep-seated glar 
and to unite with the deep-seated lymphatic 
One may occasionally be seen to pass the } 
guinal te to reach those accompanying 
external iliac artery. " 
The inguinal glands also receive the supe 
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