LYMPHATIC AND LACTEAL SYSTEM. 
q 
“ y Superficial lymphatics of the lower extremity. 
a bie (After Mascagni.) ~ 
5 ¢, ¢, Commencing branches. 
___d, Lymphatic vessels passing from the outer to 
e posterior part of the leg to gain its inner surface. 
z 
4 
5 e, Vessels passing from the outer to the posterior 
‘part of the thigh to gain its inner surface. 
| Ff, Vessels passing from the outer to the anterior 
“part of the leg to gain its inner surface. 
g» Vessels passing from the outer to the anterior 
part of the thigh to gain its inner surface. 
ficial lymphatics from the genitals, from the 
lower half of the anterior and posterior part of 
the trunk, from the perineal and gluteal re- 
gions. The lymphatics of the scrotum collect 
_ Into one or two branches, which take their 
_ course with the superficial pudic veins to reach 
the glands in the groin. Those of the penis 
commencing on the glans and prepuce pro- 
ceed generally in three principal branches on 
the body of the organ, two of which are si- 
tuated laterally, and the third on the centre of 
its dorsal surface. These three vessels not un- 
frequently unite near the root of the penis 
_ into one vessel, which immediately divides 
right and left into branches, which also accom- 
227 
pany the superficial pudic veins to the inguinal 
glands. In the direction of the superficial 
epigastric and circumflexa ilii vejhs there are 
several lymphatics derived from the anterior 
and lateral parts of the abdomen, which empty 
themselves in the inguinal glands. The super- 
ficial lymphatics from the perineal and gluteal 
regions, some from the loins and posterior and 
upper part of the thigh, stream round the 
outer part of the limb in the neighbourhood of 
the trochanter major to terminate in the same 
glands. 
The vasa efferentia of the inguinal glands, 
three or four in number, are much larger thar 
the vasa inferentia; they receive the contents of 
all the lymphatics hitherto described, and pass 
under Poupart’s ligament with the femoral ar- 
tery and vein to become the vasa inferentia of 
the glands associated with the external iliac 
artery. From the anterior and lateral muscular 
paries of the abdomen, the lymphatics accom- 
pany the epigastric and circumflexa ilii arteries, 
and terminate in the external iliac glands. 
The external iliac glands are also joined by the 
vasa efferentia from the glands accompanying 
the internal iliac artery. These latter receive 
the lymphatics, associated with the gluteal, 
ischiatic, and obturatrix arteries, which enter 
the pelvis by the same openings as the arteries 
which they accompany. The lymphatics from 
the prostate gland and vesicule seminales, from” 
the bladder and rectum, from the vagina and 
uterus, those accompanying the internal pudie 
vessels derived from the interior of the penis 
and clitoris, and those from the walls of 
the pelvis, all terminate in the internal iliac 
glands. 
The glands accompanying the common iliac 
artery, on the one hand, receive their efferent 
vessels from the internal and external iliac 
glands, and on the other give their efferent 
vessels to those, associated with the aorta, which 
constitute the lumbar glands. 
The lymphatics of the testicle, of the kid- 
neys, and renal capsules, those accompanying 
the lumbar arteries, the lymphatics of the 
rectum, sigmoid flexure and descending por- 
tion of the colon, all terminate in the lumbar 
glands. Those from the testicle are derived 
from the interior as well as from the surface of 
the organ; they take their course upwards 
with the spermatic arteries and veins in several 
branches, to reach the renal and lumbar glands. 
The lymphatics of the kidneys emerge from 
its substance at the fissure of the organ, having 
taken their course with its bloodvessels, where 
they are joined by the superficial vessels; they 
pass through the small renal glands, and ulti- 
mately reach the Jumbar glands. 
The lymphatics of the renal capsules unite 
chiefly with those of the kidneys, but also on 
the left side with those of the spleen, and on 
the right with those of the liver. They are at 
length conducted to the lumbar glands. The 
lymphatics accompanying the lumbar arteries 
receive their branches from the structures sup- 
plied by those arteries, and empty themselves 
into the lumbar glands. The lymphatics from 
the descending colon, from its sigmoid flexure, 
Q 2 
