PHYLOGENY. 161 



possessed a greater number of simioid characteristics 

 than any which has been discovered elsewhere. The 

 important discovery in the grotto of Spy of two skele- 

 tons, almost complete, served to unify knowledge of 

 this race, which had previously rested on isolated frag- 

 ments only. These skeletons proved what had been 

 previously only surmised, that the lower jaws of Nau- 

 lette, and of Shipka, and probably the skeleton of 

 Neanderthal, belong to one and the same race. The 



Fig. 43. Skull of the man of Spy. From Prof. G. F. Wright's Man and 

 the Glacial Period. From a photograph. 



simian characters of these parts of the skeleton are 

 well known. These are the enormous superciliary 

 ridges and glabella ; the retreating frontal region ; the 

 thickness of the cranial wall ; the massive mandibular 

 ramus with rudimentary chin, and the large size of the 

 posterior molars. Messrs. Fraipont and Lohest have 

 added other characters to these, viz. : the tibia shorter 

 than in any other known human race ; the sigmoid 

 flexure of the femur ; the divergent curvature of the 

 bones of the fore-arm, and most important, a very 



