70 THE PRINCIPAL SPECIES OF WOOD. 



White Birch. Betula populifolia Marsh. 



Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) 



White Birch (local and com- Oldfield Birch, Poverty Birch 



mon name). (Me.). 



Gray Birch (Me., R. I., Poplar-leaved Birch, Small 



Mass.). White Birch (Vt.). 



Locality. 



Atlantic coast, Canada to Delaware. 



Features of Tree. 



Twenty to forty feet in height, about one foot in diameter. 

 Durable, laminated, smooth, white bark on large branches 

 and on trunk, save near ground; is not very easily detached 

 from tree. Tremulous leaves. 



Color, Grain, or Appearance of Wood. 



Heartwood light brown, sapwood lighter, close-grained. 



Structural Qualities of Wood. 



Soft, light, not strong or durable. 



Representative Uses of Wood. 



Clothes-pins, shoe-pegs, tooth-picks, paper-pulp. 



Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 



35- 

 Modulus of Elasticity. 



1,036,000. 

 Modulus of Rupture. 



11,000. 



Remarks. 



The white bark is distinct from that of the paper birch in that 

 it does not cover the whole trunk and in that it remains more 

 perfectly intact. 



