BACTERIUM MALLEI. 391 



and ultimately to necrosis with caseation. The giant- 

 cell formation common to tuberculosis is never seen in 

 the glanders nodule. As Baumgarten aptly puts it : 

 " The pathological manifestations of glanders, from the 

 histological aspect, stand midway between the acute 

 purulent and the chronic inflammatory processes." l Evi- 

 dently these differences are only to be explained by differ- 

 ences in the nature of the causes that underlie the several 

 affections. We have studied the characteristics of bacte- 

 rium tuberculosis ; we shall now take up the bacillus of 

 glanders and note the striking differences between them. 



BACTERIUM MALLEI (LOFFLER), MIGULA, 1900. 



Synonyms : Bacillus mallei (Loffler), 1886 ; Eotz bacillus, Kranz- 

 feld, 1887. 



In 1882 Loffler and Schiitz discovered in the dis- 

 eased tissues of animals suffering from glanders a bacte- 

 rium that, when isolated in pure culture and inoculated 

 into susceptible animals, possesses the property of repro- 

 ducing the disease with all its clinical and pathological 

 manifestations. It is therefore the cause of the disease. 



This organism is a rod, with rounded or slightly 

 pointed ends. It usually stains somewhat irregularly. 

 (See Fig. 66.) When examined in stained prepara- 

 tions its continuity is marked by alternating darkly 

 and lightly stained areas. It is usually seen as a 

 single rod, but may occur in pairs, and less frequently 

 in longer filaments. 



The question as to its spore-forming property is still 

 an open one, though the weight of evidence is in oppo- 



1 For a further discussion of the pathology and pathogenesis of this 

 disease, see Lehrbuch der pathologischen Mykologie, by Baumgarten, 

 1890. See, also, Wright: " The Historical Lesions of Acute Glanders 

 ib Man," Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. i. p. 577. 



