( >f ;ili other industrial processes foiMiuinuf act tiring sodium carbonate 

 tin* niiuinnt'ni /./// xx is the mo-t worthy of mention. li; In thi- the 

 vapour- of ammonia, and then an excess of carbonic anhvdride. are 

 directly int rodm-ed into a ci mcent rat ed solution of sodium chloride in 

 order TO t'oi-ni the acid ammonium carbonate. N 1 1 , 1 1 ( '< > ,. Then, by 

 means of the double saline decomposition of this salt, sodium chloride 

 i- deeompo-ed,, ;md in virtue of its -!i:_;'lit solubility acid sodium 

 carbonate. Na 1 1 ('<>.. js pivcipit at ed and ammonium chloride, Nl [,('!, is 

 obtained in solution ( \\"it h a port ion of sod i tin i chloride and acid sodium 

 carbonate ). 'I lie ammonia is removed from the -i hit ion bv heat int;' wit h 

 lime or magnesia, and t he precipitated acid sodium ca rhona lei s converted 

 into the normal -alt bv heat in if. It is thus obtained in a \ erv pure state. 



Sodium carbonate. 17 like sodium sulphate, loses all its water on 

 beino- heated, and when anhydrous fuses at a bright-red heit (SIT). 

 A small <|uantity of sodium carbonate placed in the lo-p of a platinum 

 \\ ii'e volatilises in the heat of a u'as flame, and t hei ef< re in t he furnaces 

 of ifla.-- wi irks pa rt of the soda is always t ran -formed into the cmidit ion 

 of \apour. Sodium carbonate, resembles sodium sulphate in its relation 

 to water. 1 " Mere also it- ^reatest solubility is at the tem]erat tire of 



<ull.lii.l- - .i:~. !_:_,, I ;,,] .,,,iiiin, .arbcnatc fonnc.l. 



Scdinin carl.diuitc may likt-wi-c 1 l.tainnl (Vein i-rynliti- i]>a.L'i- -Is i i : tlic method 



"f treating tlii- will !,. mentioned under aluminium. 



I(i Tlii- pi-oce^s I'H,, X,,te -Jli wa< first jioiiitod ,,nt l.y Tun-k. worked out by 

 Sdiloexi,,._r. ;,,,,] fnially aj. plied industrially l>y Solvay. The iirsi ilssii 1 a r.^e soda works 

 crci-ti I! | i'kiiiL r tlii- |.rore are on the liauks of the Kama at r.ere/niak. 



i n . I. ul. inn IT. I'.ut UtisMii. which -till iinjmrts from ahroad a 



' , n-yiii- on the Lel.lanc ]iroces-. Such are in course of coiistnic- 

 rh of i ,!,, t, . til] i,, emhryo in liu^sia. 



ir ' ' od,< a li calefied, anhvdi-ous! i-^ rarely |iii)'e ; the ci'vstallised -oda i- 



. | t . t further i! he tol.oil M concentrated solution of 



' : I of tin colled the soda Which settle-,, wa-ll With 



I remain in the mother liquor-. A'c. 



' 'i'li. i . i-' Ill in -i ' o uTi-at t hat. noi\\-it h-taiidiiiLT the ditTei'i'iice in t he molecular 



. i ! f 1 ()..,.;, | N, i .('O, ihr \ oliL'ht to he cla-^ed under tile tVJie (NllOl.jR, 



v. i en I; -(!,,.(( >. \J;,| P , , ti , r , ' ,, contain In mol. II <>. 



en I iiliiim i';n hoiiate. The specific gravity of the 



h. it of the dec, led sail T Mi. '\\\i< \ ariel i,. ; are known of 



||,e liepl ' .1!: I. -/.' ! \Iari-nac. Kaniiiie] her- ,, uhich are for d (o.irether by 



....... ,1 , I, -d solution to co,,l under a layer oi alcoh,.! : the one i- |,-^ stahleflike 



lhr-fr.cn | -.lid n / ulplut.- :IIM| al H I,., ;, ol uhi 1 it >' of li'J pa I't - I of ;i id ivd 1MI1S sa 1 1 ) ill 1 00 



..,,;,.,', ,-, talili .1 tin ..lul.iliU 'Jii part- l..f anhy.h-ou- salt . |er Inn of 



...ati M" ' t\ ..I the di-c; \drati I ill l-ill \s ater - at n . 7'll ; at 'Jn . 'Jl'7 : at 



:;n . :;V-j I \- -o : ;,...,;. ,, n h n;-i . at '.MI i:,-7. at mo 



;., ; i : on 'I ; . pecil I; ' te ?. of tin olut imi of sodium 



the data o! Cei , ixl Kohllall ch. at IT. 1 i expressed hy 



