AND ANIMAL LIFE. 127 



life, possesses a greater proportional quantity than 

 at a subsequent period. If this be allowed, it is 

 manifest that cold will simultaneously act on a 

 much greater quantity of blood in the child than 

 in the adult ; and as this mode of circulation is na- 

 tural, not determined here by an augmented action 

 of the heart and lungs as in fever, it is perfectly 

 consistent to suppose that a young animal will be 

 cooled, while an old one is not affected, by a mo- 

 derate degree of cold. The child may be said to 

 expose an extended surface of blood to the influence 

 of the external air, while the adult, on the other 

 hand, has the surface of the external circulation re- 

 latively diminished by the more vigorous operation 

 of the different internal organs. 



CXXXIV. The cold to which a young animal 

 is subjected tends almost immediately to constrict 

 the external capillary vessels ; the consequence 

 of which is, that the surface of the body becomes 

 pale, and the animal intimates, by cries or other 

 symptoms, that unpleasant sensations are excited; 

 and, unless we remove the individual to a warmer 

 medium, fatal effects speedily follow. If we ex- 

 amine the indications of the thermometer as these 

 changes proceed, we remark that they are cor- 

 respondingly affected. The blood is driven upon 

 the thoracic and abdominal organs, and destroys, 

 in a short time, the harmonious balance existing 

 between the internal and external circulation of 

 blood. The lungs receiving more than they usu- 



