30 



tions, if not direct causes, of the opacity of the lens in warm- 

 blooded animals after death. 



2d. That a warm temperature, i. e , a temperature superior to 

 70 F. (21 Cs.) is & cause of the change occurring in the lens, 

 by which, when opaque, it becomes transparent. 



I will add, that sometimes an analogous opacity takes place in 

 the cornea. 



X. ON THE NORMAL DEGREE OF THE TEMPERATURE OF MAN. 



The degree of animal heat, in the human species, is stated as 

 being between 98.5 and 100 F. (37 and 88 Cs.) I intend to 

 prove that it is higher. 



It is impossible to take directly the temperature of most of 

 the internal parts of the body in man ; therefore many physiolo- 

 gists, in order to discover the temperature of these parts, have 

 argued as follows : According to J. Hunter, the temperature 

 of the rectum in animals is the same as that of the right ven- 

 tricle of the heart ; hence it has been concluded that as the tem- 

 perature of the rectum, in man still according to Hunter is 

 98.42 F. (36.9 Cs.) the temperature of the internal parts of 

 the body ought to be between 98 and 99 F. (36.67 and 

 37.22 Cs.) 



Some other physiologists, noting the temperature of the 

 mouth under the tongue, and supposing that this temperature 

 is nearly the same as that of the internal parts of the body, have 

 concluded that the temperature of man is between 99 and 100 F. 

 (37.2 and 37.8 Cs.) 



We will prove that these deductions are not right : 



Firstly, the degree of the temperature of the rectum is not, 

 as Hunter says, 98.4. It may be so in debilitated men, but in 

 healthy persons it is more elevated. It is between 100 and 102 F. 

 (37.7 and 38. 89 Cs.) according to my own researches and to 

 those of Berger and Maunoir. Besides, many experiments on 

 dogs, rabbits and guinea-pigs, have shown satisfactorily to myself 

 that the temperature of the rectum is not equal to that of the 

 right ventricle. This last organ is from 1 to 3 F. (0.56 to 

 1.7 Cs.) higher than the rectum. 



The temperature of the rectum, in man, being between 100 

 and 102 F. (37.7 and 38,8 Cs.), and the temperature of the 



