262 



only treatment the soil received was a dressing in November and December of 1891 , of 

 33 wagon loads of well-rotted barnyard manure from the station manure platform, 

 evenly distributed between the rows. 



The stocks were furnished by various nursery firms as stated in a previous article,* 

 and the different lots were of apparently equal vigor lirst grade with the exception 

 of American pear stocks, which owing to the lateness of the season were third grade. 

 In the planting which was done between the dates of April 27 and May 3, care was 

 taken that each stock was firmly pressed into the soil. Stocks of the same kind from 

 different nursery firms were thoroughly mixed together. In all respects the normal 

 nursery methods were followed out as nearly as possible. The budding was done -u 

 the dates above recorded by two experienced budders employed by the Station. Tie 

 scions for cherry, pear, and apple buds were cut from trees growing in the nursery 

 rowst of Selover and Atwood. Plum scions were furnished by Maxwell & Bron., 

 from their bearing orchard. 



Treatment with fungicides. Only the two well-known fungicides, ammoniacal ao- 

 lutiouof copper carbonate and Bordeaux mixture were used. The formulae used in 

 1891 were those in common use throughout America. The Bordeaux mixture was 

 diluted in the treatments for 1892 and prepared after the manner first proposed by 

 Dr. G. Patrigeon.t 



The formulae are given below : 



Ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate, formula used in 1891. 



Five ounces of cupric basic carbonate (copper carbonate) dissolved in ammonia 

 (3 to 4 pints of 26 ) and added to 50 gallons of water. Care was taken that all the 

 carbonate was dissolved in the ammonia, enough being added for the solution. 



Ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate, formula used in 1892. 



Identical with the above in strength. The carbonate was wetted with one pint of 

 water, previous to adding the ammonia, to facilitate the solution. 



Bordeaux mixture, formula used in 1891. 



Six pounds of cupric sulphate (copper sulphate or blnestone) dissolved in 12 gal- 

 lons of water. Four pounds of stone lime slaked in a small quantity of water and 

 made up to 3 or 4 gallons of thin milk. The lime was added slowly to the cupric 

 sulphate and the whole made up to 22 gallons. 



Bordeaux mixture, formula used in 1892. 



Two pounds cupric sulphate dissolved in 15 gallons of water. Two pounds Rhode 

 Island stone lime slaked in small quantity of water and made up to 5 gallons. 

 The lime was added slowly to the cupric sulphate, testing the mixture frequently 

 during the addition with a few drops of a concentrated solution of potassium fer- 

 rocyanide (yellow prussiate of potash) and ceasing the addition of the lime when 

 no red color was given to the drops of the ferrocyauide. For convenience this may 

 be called a 60- gallon formula, as it requires that amount of water to contain as 

 much copper sulphate as the standard strength, viz, 6 pounds. 



* Bull No. 3, Div. Veg. Path., p. 57. 



t A practice much in vogue among nurserymen, but certainly not founded upon a 

 knowledge of the laws governing bud variation. The selection of buds from indi- 

 vidual bearing trees of known vigor and productiveness is insisted upon by the best 

 cultivators. 



tPatrigeon, G. Revue Viticole, <Jour. d' Agric. Pratique, 1890, t. I. 54e anue'e, 

 p. 701. 



