Geaster LYCOPERDACE.E 



4/1 



2059. G. mammosus Chev. (from the breast-like endoperidium ; 



mammosns, full-breasted) a b c. 



Ex. 7- to 10- segmented, hygrometric, strongly incurved when dry, 

 vinous-brown to umber, ochreous or glossy yellow-white-umber 

 outside. End. globose, white-brown. Per. broadly and 

 acutely conical, fimbriato-ciliate to striate, surrounded by a 

 pale silky disc. Gl. vinous or dark brown. 



On the ground. Feb.-Dec. Diam. of expanded Ex. if in. 



2060. G. rufeseens Pers. (from the at length rufescent colour) a b c. 

 Ex. 6- to 9-segmented, thick, becoming deeply cracked, brownish 



flesh-colour or red-salmon, clouded rufescent, externally dark 

 sienna or sienna-buff. End. globose, pale to dark umber, 

 stoma slightly mammiform, dentate. Col. obsolete or short. 

 Gl. dark brown. 



Woods, pastures. Sept.-Dec. Diam. of expanded Ex. 4^ in. Var. minor 

 Pers., 5-8 segmented, less than half the size of type. 



2061. G. flmbriatus Fr. (from the fimbriate mouth of the peristome) 



a b c. 



Ex. 5- to 1 5-segmented, flaccid, somewhat thick, buff- or umber- 

 white with white cracks. End. subglobose, pale umber, stoma 

 indeterminate, piloso-fimbriate. Col. obsolete. Gl. brown. 



Woods, pine, on the ground amongst leaves. Aug.-Dec. Diam. of 

 expanded Ex. 2 in. 



2061a. G. triplex Jungh. (from the superficial appearance, as of 



three peridia) a. 



Ex. 5- to 6-segmented, the fleshy inner layer often becoming 

 detached and forming a spurious peridium at the base of the 

 End., vinous-brown. End. globose, with a definite even stoma, 

 yellow-brown. Col. prominent, persistent. 



Woods, fields. Diam. of expanded Ex. 4^ in. When young this plant is 

 pouch-like with an acute apex as in 2058, and greatly differs in this respect 

 from 2056, where also the colours of the peridia are the reverse of 2061a. 



2062. G. hygrometrieus Pers. (from its absorption of moisture from 



the air ; Gr. hugros, moisture, metron, a measure) a b c. 



Ex. 7- to 2o-segmented, harsh and horny, vinous-brown, yellowish- 

 brown outside, rigidly inflexed when dry, and often cracked all 

 over. End. ovato-globose in section, floccose, crimson-brown 

 or purple-lavender, stoma irregularly torn. Col. obsolete. 

 Gl. crimson-brown. 



On the ground. Woods, pine. Feb.-Dec. Diam. of expanded Ex. z\ in. 



CXV. LYCOPERDON L. 



(From an old belief that puff-balls grew from the dung of the wolf; 

 Gr. lukos, a wolf, perdon, dung.) 



Peridium double, external layer or cortex becoming broken up 

 into spine-like tufts or warts, inner layer smooth dehiscing by a small 



