SYNOPSIS OF THE FLORA OF COLORADO. 131 



p. 417.) Known as "White Pine. 77 Dr. Parry found it "composing 

 almost the entire forest growth of the mountain slopes of Middle Park 

 about the head of Grand River ; a magnificent tree, 80 to 100 feet high, 

 with an even, columnar trunk, below, 2-2 feet in diameter, tapering 

 upwards, of rapid growth ; bark scaly, smooth, and quite thin, of a 

 purplish-brown color, full of tannin. The wood is remarkably white 

 and soft, free from knot and scarcely resinous, preferred for inside 

 work. 77 A tall tree, 60-100 high, becoming much dwarfed at higher 

 elevations, pyramidal ; branches verticillate, lower horizontal, the upper 

 ascending, branchlets puberulent ; bark light-reddish ; wood soft, white ; 

 leaves solitary, crowded, turned every way, short, curved or straight, 

 rigid, compressed 4-augled, very short-mucronate, smooth on the angles, 

 white-punctate 011 the sides beneath the green ; sterile anients thick, 

 ovate or ovate-cylindrical, obtuse, nearly equaling the leaves; anthe- 

 riterous bracts almost orbicular, deutate-fiinbriate, ovate-cylindrical, 

 obtuse; scales numerous, imbricated, subcartilaginous, obovate, rhom- 

 bic, subtruncate or einarginate, creuulate-eroded ; bracts ovate-oblong, 

 obtusish, irregularly dentate, 3 times shorter than the scale ; seeds small, 

 oval, convex on both sides, 3 times shorter than the obovate wing ; cones 

 2J'-3' long, I 7 1 J' broad, purplish- brown when mature ; nutlets brown, 

 with an almost violet wing. Closely allied to A. nigra, the "Black 

 Spruce 77 of the East. Hall & Harbour ; Parry; Coulter ; Hoopes ; Meehan. 

 ABIES MENZIESII, Liudl. (Pinm, Par!. DC. Prod., 16, /. c., p. 418.) A 

 tall tree, attaining a height of 100 feet, straight, pyramidal ; branches sub- 

 verticillate, spreading, upper ones ascending ; leaves solitary, crowded, 

 turned every way, short, curved or straight, rigid, thickish, compressed, 

 4-augled, iimcrouate-pungent, marked on each side of the prominent 

 nerve with a white glaucous line ; sterile aments, thick, oblong, obtuse, 

 9"-12" long; autheriterous bracts suborbicular, cristate-dentate; leaves 

 6 // -12 // long; fertile ameuts oblong-cylindrical, obtuse, curving ; cones 

 solitary or somewhat clustered, subsessile, subnoddiug, cylindrical or 

 oval, obtuse, 2'-5' long, 12"-15" wide, light-brown, obtuse ; scales thin, 

 5"_7" wide, oval or sub-rhombic, more or less elongated above, obtuse 

 or subemargiuate and erose-dentate ; bracts small; seeds V-1%" long; 

 wing obovate, oblong, obtuse, 4 // -6" long, pale. Known as " Balsam. 77 

 Parry says : "A finely-shaped tree, though of rather stiff outline, of rapid 

 growth ; w r ood very compact, but rather coarse-grained aud pitchy ; the 

 logs taper too rapidly to saw up to advantage.' 7 Cones pendulous from 

 the ends of the branches ; leaves stouter than in any other allied species, 

 stiff and very acute ? alinost spinescent. Hall & Harbour, 533 ; Hoopes; 

 Coulter ; Porter. 



ABIES GRANDIS, Liudl. (Pinus, Parl. DC. Prod, 16, /. c., p. 427.) Tall, 

 pyramidal, with horizontal branches; leaves 6"-l" long, 1" broad, nu- 

 merous, in two rows, spreading or erect, rigid, straight or curved, more or 

 less contracted and twisted above the base, obtuse or emarginate, green 

 and subsulcate above, strongly keeled and glaucous beneath ; cones 

 2'-3' long, l-2' wide, solitary, erect, oblong, obtuse, greenish ; scales 

 7//_10" long, 9"-12" broad, horizontal and close-pressed, broad cuueate 

 and unguiculate, the rounded upper margin subreflexed and usually 

 resinous, pubescent, much exceeding the obcordate, toothed, short-mu- 

 cronate bracts; seed 3" long, 2'' wide, obovate, cuueate, angled ; wing 

 nearly equaling the scale, somewhat 4-sided ; bark rather thin, pale 

 gray or brownish; wood fine-grained aud tough. Kare in Colorado. 

 Chiann Canon and Glen Eyrie, Porter. Parry. 



ABIES DOUGLASII, Lindl. (Pinus, Parl. DC. Prod, 16, 1 c., p. 430.) A 



