OSTEOLOGY. 23 



THE MALAR bones are two quadrilateral bono? forming the 

 prominence of the cheek. They enter into the formation of the 

 orbit and the zygomatic and temporal fossae. 



Each bone has four processes zygomatic,, maxillary, fron- 

 tal, and orbital. 



The external surface has attached to it the zygomatic mus- 

 cles (major and minor), and presents 



A foramen to its outer side for the malar branch of the 

 tempo ro-malar nerve and a foramen to its inner side for the 

 temporal branch of the temporo-malar. 



The internal surface articulates with the superior maxilla, 

 has attached to it the masseter and temporal muscles, and pre- 

 sents the internal openings of the foramen given above. 



FIG. 11. 



1, malar process; 2, nasal process; 3, orbital process; 4, infra- 

 orbital foramen; 5, infraorbital groove; 6, lachrymal tubercle; i, 

 incisor teeth; c, canine; b, bicuspid; m, molars. 



The zygomatic process forms, with the zygomatic process 

 of the temporal bone, the zygoma. 



The maxillary process is triangular and roughened for ar- 

 ticulation with the superior maxilla. 



The frontal process is articulated with the external angular 

 process of the temporal bone. 



The orbital process, the most important, articulates by its 

 upper surface with the greater wing of the sphenoid, forming 

 part of the outer wall of the orbit; the under surface forms 

 part of the temporal fossa, while the posterior margin forms part 

 of the spheno-maxillary fissure. The superior surface presents 

 two temporo-malar canals, transmitting temporo-malar branches 

 of the superior maxillary nerve. 



