36 HUMAN ANATOMY. 



Outer side by external angular process of frontal and malar 

 bone; 



Above by supraorbital arch; 



Below by lachrymal,, superior maxilla, and malar. 



It presents sutures malo-maxittary below ; 



Sutures fronto-malar to outer side; 



Sutures fronto-maxillary to inner side; 



Supraorbital notch or foramen above, for passage of supra- 

 orbital nerve, artery, and vein, and forms part of lachrymal 

 groove. 



The apex presents : 



Optic foramen, for passage of optic nerve and ophthalmic 

 artery. 



Each orbit presents nine (9) openings, as follows: 



1. Supraorbital foramen for passage of supraorbital artery, 

 vein, and nerve; 



2. Inf raorbital canal for inf raorbital nerve and artery ; 



3. Anterior ethmoidal foramen for anterior ethmoidal ar- 

 tery, vein, and the nasal nerve; 



4. Posterior ethmoidal foramen for posterior ethmoidal ar- 

 tery and vein; 



5. Malar foramina, for malar and temporal branches of 

 temporo-malar nerve ; 



6. Lachrymal canal, for lachrymo-nasal duct ; 



7. Spheno-maxillary fissure, for inf raorbital vessels, supe- 

 rior maxillary nerve and its orbital branches, and ascending 

 branches from spheno-palatine (MeckePs) ganglion; 



8. Foramen lacerum anterius (or sphenoidal fissure), for 

 third, fourth, ophthalmic division of fifth and sixth nerves, oph- 

 thalmic vein, branches of lachrymal and meningeal arteries, fila- 

 ments of the sympathetic nerve, and a process of dura mater for 

 ensheathing of the nerve; 



9. Optic foramen, for optic nerve and ophthalmic artery. 

 THE NASAL FOSS^: consist of two large cavities separated 



from each other by the seep turn nasi, and opening in front by 

 the anterior nares, and behind into the pharynx by the posterior 

 nares. 



They are formed by fourteen bones the frontal, ethmoid, 

 sphenoid, and all the bones of the face except the lower jaw 

 and malar. 



They have each four sinuses opening into them the eth- 

 moidal and antrum of Highmore (maxillary) on either side, the 

 sphenoidal behind and the frontal above, and communicate with 

 the mouth by -the anterior palatine canal, with the orbit by the 



