180 HUMAN ANATOMY. 



1. SUPERIOR THYROID arises below the great cornu of the 

 hyoid bone, passes beneath the sterno-hyoid, omo-hyoid, and 

 sterno-thyroid muscles to the upper part of the thyroid gland, 

 where its terminal branches anastomose with its fellow of the 

 opposite side. Its branches are : 



a. Hyoid, to the lower border of the hyoid bone; 

 &. Superficial descending branch, crosses the common carotid artery 

 to supply the skin and sterno-mastoid muscle; 



c. Superior laryngeal, passes beneath the thyro-hyoid muscle with 

 the superior laryngeal nerve; 



d. Crico-thyroid, crosses the crico-thyroid membrane. 



2. The LINGUAL ARTERY arises from the anterior part of the 

 external carotid, between the superior thyroid and the facial. It 

 passes inward and upward to the greater cornu of the hyoid 

 bone, and, descending, reaches the under surface of the tongue 

 and runs along its under surface as far as its tip, where it termi- 

 nates as the ranine. 



In its course it passes through a triangle bounded on two 

 sides below by the two bellies of the digastric, and above by the 

 hypoglossal nerve, passing under the hyoglossus muscle. Its 

 branches are: 



Hyoid, to the hyoid bone; 



Dorsalis linguae, supplies the epiglottis, soft palate, tonsil, and the 

 mucous membrane of tongue; 



Sublingual, supplies mylo-hyoid and genio-hyoglossus muscles and 

 sublingual gland; 



Ranine, the terminal branch, ends at the tip of the tongue. 



3. The FACIAL ARTERY arises from the anterior portion of 

 the external carotid artery above the lingual. It ascends for- 

 ward through the submaxillary gland, crosses the lower jaw at 

 the anterior border of the masseter muscle, and crosses the cheek 

 to the angle of the mouth and the side of the nose, where it 

 terminates as the angular artery. Its branches are in the 

 neck : 



Inferior or ascending palatine, supplies the soft palate, palatine 

 glands, tonsil, and Eustachian tube; 



Tonsillar, supplies the root of the tongue and tonsil; 



Submaxillary, supplies the submaxillary gland and neighboring 

 lymphatics, muscles, and skin; 



Submental, supplies the chin, lower lip, and neighboring struc- 

 tures ; 



Muscular, to the buccinator, masseter, and internal pterygoid mus- 

 cles. 



