184 HUMAN ANATOMY. 



Small meningeal, or meningea parva, enters foramen ovale to 

 supply dura mater and Gasserian ganglion; 



Inferior dental, accompanies the dental nerve through the lower 

 jaw to the mental foramen, supplying the structures. 



The pterygoid portion : 



Deep temporal, supply the temporal muscle; 

 Pterygoid, to pterygoid muscles; 

 Masseteric, to the masseteric muscle; 

 Buccal, to the buccinator muscle. 



Spheno-maxillary portion : 



Alveolar or posterior dental branch, supplies the upper molar and 

 bicuspid teeth, antruni, and gums; its principal branch is the superior 

 dental ; 



Infraorbital, passes through infraorbital canal to face; 



Posterior or descending palatine, descends posterior palatine canal 

 and runs forward to foramen of Stenson; 



Vidian, accompanies the Vidian nerve; 



Pterygo-palatine, supplies Eustachian tube and pharynx; 



Nasal, or spheno-palatine, descends through spheno-palatine fora- 

 men to antrum, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal cells. 



THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY 



arises about the upper border of the thyroid cartilage from the 

 bifurcation of the common carotid. It ascends in front of the 

 transverse processes of the cervical vertebra to the carotid fora- 

 men in the petrous portion of the temporal bone to supply the 

 anterior part of the brain, the eye with its appendages, and send 

 branches to the nose and forehead. It gives no branches until 

 it passes through the carotid canal, where, after piercing the 

 dura mater at the anterior .clinoid process, it divides into its 

 terminal branches the anterior and middle cerebral. 



Relations. The internal carotid artery in the neck is in relation 

 in front with the parotid gland, the glosso-pharyngeal nerve, the stylo- 

 glossus and stylo-pharyngeal muscles, and is covered by the skin, super- 

 ficial and deep fascia; behind it rests upon the rectus capitis anticus 

 major and has resting upon it the superior laryngeal nerve and the 

 sympathetic; internally it is in relation with the pharynx, tonsil, 

 superior laryngeal nerve, and ascending pharyngeal artery; externally 

 it is in relation with the internal jugular vein and the pneumogastric 

 nerve. 



Its branches are, from the petrous portion : 

 Tympanic (internal or deep), supplies tympanum. 

 From the cavernous portion : 



Arteries reccptaculi, supply the Gasserian ganglion and pituitary 

 body; 



