THE ALIMENTARY APPARATUS. 225 



2. Mucous coat, continuous with that of the various open- 

 ings. It .is covered in its upper part with columnar ciliated 

 epithelium, as low as the floor of the nares, below which it is 

 squamous. It contains numerous racemose glands, crypts, and 

 lymphoid structure similar to the tonsils, a mass of which, be- 

 tween the Eustachian tubes, has been called the "pharyngeal 

 tonsil." 



FIG-. 115. 



Pharynx laid open from behind: 1, styloid process; 2, body of oc- 

 cipital; 3, saeptum nasi; 4, middle turbinated bone; 5, posterior uaris; 

 G, inferior turbinated bone; 7, soft palate; 9, uvula; 10, tonsil; 11, 

 back of tongue; 12, epiglottis; 13, arytaeno-epiglottidean fold; 14, tip 

 of arytaenoid cartilage; 15, oesophagus; 16, back of cricoid cartilage. 



3. Muscular coat, consists of the three pharyngeal con- 

 strictors, the palato-pharyngeus, and the stylo-pharyngeus. 

 (Vide Muscles.) 



Arteries are from the inferior palatine, pharyngeal, Mini 

 thyroid arteries. Nerves are branches of the pneumogastric, 

 glosso-pharyngcal, and sympathetic. 



Tin-: (KsopHAGUS, or GULLET, is a musculo-membranoufl tube 

 about nine inches long and less than one inch in diameter, flat- 

 tened from before backward, and extending from the pharynx to 

 the stomach or from the level of the lifth cervical to the ninth 

 dorsal vertebra, 



