THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 337 



The submaxillary ganglion is placed above the deep portion 

 of the submaxillary gland. 



Its sensory root is derived from lingual branch of inferior 

 maxillary ; its motor root, from the facial nerve through a branch 

 of the chorda tympani ; and its sympathetic, from the plexus of 

 the facial artery. 



Beside these ganglia, situated upon branches of the trifacial 

 nerve, the following are found within the cavity of the cra- 

 nium : 



Ganglion of Ribes, on the anterior communicating artery ; 

 Ganglion of Bidder, on the middle meningeal artery; 

 Ganglion of Laumonier, on the internal carotid artery: 

 Ganglion of Cloquet, on the naso-palatine nerve in the incisor fossa; 

 Ganglion of Bochdaleck, near the spheno-palatine ganglion. 



Cervical Ganglia. The cervical ganglia consist of three, 

 superior, middle, inferior, of which the superior is the largest 

 and the middle the smallest. These are connected above with 

 the cranial ganglia, below with the thoracic ganglia, and com- 

 municate with each other. 



The superior cervical ganglion lies opposite the second or 

 third cervical vertebra, behind the internal carotid artery. It is 

 connected with the middle ganglion, the upper four cervical, and 

 tenth and twelfth cranial nerves, distributes branches to the 

 carotid (internal), cavernous, and pharyngeal plexuses, and gives 

 off the superior cardiac nerve to the cardiac plexus. 



The middle cervical ganglion lies upon inferior thyroid ar- 

 tery/opposite fifth cervical vertebra. It is connected with the 

 upper and lower ganglia and spinal nerves, and gives off the 

 middle cardiac nerve to cardiac plexus. 



The inferior cervical ganglion lies internal to the superior 

 intercostal artery, below the last cervical vertebra. It is con- 

 nected to the middle ganglion, first thoracic, lower cervical 

 nerves, forms the vertebral plexus, and gives off the inferior car- 

 diac nerve to cardiac plexus. 



Thoracic ganglia lie upon the heads of the ribs on each side 

 of the vertebral column. They are connected with the inferior 

 cervical ganglion above, the lumbar ganglion below, the dorsal 

 spinal nerves behind, and give off internal branches divided into 

 two sets of six each upper and lower. 



Internal branches from upper set are distributed to the 

 pulmonary and aortic plexuses, and infernal branches from lower 

 set unite to form the three splanchnic nerves, great splanchnic, 

 lesser splanchnic, renal splanchnic, distributed respectively to 

 the semilunnr ganglion, renal and suprarenal plexuses, and to 

 renal and cueliac plexuses. 



