THE LEAVES. 13 



Alternate (Fig. 22.), when they come off from the stem one 

 by one in different directions. 



Opposite (Fig. 23.), when they grow opposite to each other 

 in pairs. 



Scattered (Fig. 24.), irregularly distributed. 



Clustered (Fig. 25.), crowded together. 



Remote, when widely separated. 



They may grow two together, in threes, four together, &c. 



Whorled (Fig. 26.), when several leaves, three or more, 

 grow in a circle round the stem. 



Fasciculate or Tufted (Fig. 27.), when several leaves spring 

 from one point. 



Imbricated (Fig. 28.), when one leaf lies closely over another, 

 like the tiles or slates on the roof of a house. 



Decussated (Fig. 29.), in pairs alternately crossing each other. 



Two-ranked^ spreading in two directions. 



Unilateral^ all inclining one way. 



With respect to direction, they are 



Adpressed or Close-pressed to the stem. 

 Erect or Upright, forming a very acute angle with the stem. 

 Vertical, standing quite erect. 



Spreading, forming a moderately acute angle with the stem. 

 Horizontal, standing off at right angles. 

 Reclinate, inclining downwards. 

 Reflected, bent backwards. 

 Inflected, bent inwards. 



Depressed, root-leaves pressed close to the ground. 

 Floating, leaves lying flat on the surface of the water. 

 Immersed or submersed, under water. 

 Emersed, standing out of the water. 



respect to insertion. Leaves are 



Embracing or Amplexicaule (Fig. 30.), when they clasp the 

 stem with their base. 



Connate or growing together (Fig. 31.), united at their base. 



Perfoliate (Fig. 32.), when the stem runs through the leaf. 



Sheathing or Vaginant, investing the stem or each other with 

 a sheath. 



Equitant or Riding (Fig. 33.), disposed in two opposite rows, 

 and embracing each other at the base. 

 B2 



