18 



INTRODUCTION. 



Interruptedly Pinnate, when there are smaller leaflets be- 

 tween the larger. 



Jointedly Pinnate, with joints in the stalk. 



Recurrently Pinnate, when the leaflets run down the stalk. 



Pinnate in a lyrate manner (Fig. 77.), when the terminal 

 leaflet is largest. 



Conjugate, Yoked or Paired, when there are only two pinnae 

 or leaflets. 



Bigeminate (Fig. 81.), twice paired. 



Trigeminate, thrice paired. 



Biternate (Fig. 82.), twice ternate. 



Triternate, thrice ternate. 



Bipinnate (Fig. 83.), twice pinnate. 



Tripinnate, thrice pinnate. 



Without reference to the mode of division, the degrees in 

 which leaves are compounded are expressed in the following 

 terms : 



Compound, as in Fig. 73, 74, 75, 76. 



Twice compound, as in Fig. 81, 82, 83. 



Thrice compound, still more divided. 



OF THE APPENDAGES. 



The Appendages are organs or parts not included under the 

 other principal divisions. Several kinds are enumerated. Of 

 these the principal are the following : 



1. The Stipule, or appendage to the leaf (Fig. 84*). These 

 organs are generally of a leafy nature, and are named in the 

 same manner as the leaves themselves, being egg-shaped, arrow- 

 shaped, serrated, obtuse, &c. They are commonly sessile and 

 in pairs. The stipule of grasses is frequently termed the ligule, 

 or strap. 



2. The Bractea or Floral leaf (Fig. 85 a., 86 ., 89 a. b.}, 

 a leafy appendage to the flower or its stalk. It varies greatly 

 in form, and is named like the leaves, which it frequently re- 

 sembles in colour and texture, although it is often much thinner 

 and variously coloured. 



3. The Spatha or Sheath (Fig. 87.), is a membranous bractea 

 which encloses the flower in its earliest stages, afterwards bursts 

 longitudinally, and is ultimately at a greater or less distance 

 from the flower. ' 



