THE APPENDAGES. 21 



called the General umbel, and the smaller sets the Partial 

 umbels, or Umbellules. 



8. The Cyme (Fig. 103.) is that kind of inflorescence which 

 has the general appearance of an umbel, but in which the prin- 

 cipal stalks only spring from a common centre, while the others 

 are variously and alternately subdivided. 



9. The Panicle (Fig. 104.) bears the flowers in a kind of 

 loose subdivided cluster. Or it may be defined a raceme, of 

 which the partial stalks are subdivided. It presents the fol- 

 lowing varieties : 



Loose or Lax, when the stalks are distant. 



Close, when they are placed near each other. 



Crowded, when very close. 



Spreading, when the branches spread out on all sides. 



10. The Thyrsus, or Bunch, is a close panicle, having an oval 

 form. 



11. The Catkin (Fig. 105.) is a long simple stalk, thickly 

 covered with scales, or bracteas, under which are the flowers, 

 or their essential parts. 



OF THE FLOWEBS AND FEUIT. 



The Organs, of which the principal modifications are above 

 defined, being subservient to the growth of the individual, are 

 named Organs of Nutrition, as already mentioned. Those 

 which we have now to examine are the Organs of Repro- 

 duction. 



The Flower and Fruit are generally termed the Fructifica- 

 tion, which Linnaeus defines " a temporary part of vegetables, 

 destined for the reproduction of the species, terminating the old 

 individual, and beginning the new." There are distinguished 

 seven parts of fructification, some of which however are not of 

 universal occurrence. These seven parts are the Calyx, the 

 Corolla, the Nectary, the Stamens, the Pistils, the Seed-vessel, 

 the Seed, and the Receptacle. The seed, the pistil, and the 

 stamen, are the most essential parts. The receptacle is always 

 present ; but the corolla and the calyx are frequently wanting. 



Fig. 106 shews four seeds, or rather four single -seeded seed- 

 vessels, in the bottom of a calyx. 



Fig. 107 shews a seed-vessel and a calyx. 



Fig. 108 shews a style, a, with six stamens. 



Fig. 109 shews a corolla, a, and a calyx, b. 

 C 



