316 SYNGENESIA POLYGAMTA JEQTJALIS. [CL. XIX. 



erect, branched : flower-stalks terminal, downy: flowers droop- 

 ing, large, purple, emitting a musky odour. Annual : flowers in 

 July and August : grows in dry pastures, waste grounds, and by 

 roads: frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. xvi. pi. 1112. Eng. Fl. vol. iii. p. 

 384. 1151. 



2. C. acanthoides. Welted Thistle. Leaves decurrent, sinuated, 

 very thorny ; flowers several together, shortly stalked ; calyx glo- 

 bular, with linear, partly recurved scales. Stem about three 



feet high, much branched: flowers purplish -crimson. Annual: 

 flowers in June and July -. grows in waste ground, and by roads 

 and hedges: frequent. Eng. Bot. vol. xiv. pi. 973. Eng.Fl. vol. iii. 

 p. 385. 1152. 



3. C. tenuiflorus. Slender-flowered Thistle. Leaves decurrent, si- 

 nuated, thorny ; flowers several together, sessile ; calyx somewhat 

 cylindrical, its scales lance- shaped, a little recurved at the point. 

 Stem from two to four feet high, erect: leaves cottony be- 

 neath : flowers numerous, pale-purplish. Annual : flowers in July 

 and August : grows in waste places, about towns : very abundant 

 about Edinburgh. Eng. Bot. vol. vi. pi. 412. Eng. Fl. vol. iii. p. 

 285. 1153, 



** I.eaves not decurrent. 



4. C. Maridnus. Milk Thistle. Leaves waved, thorny, embracing 

 the stem, the root-leaves pinnatifid ; scales of the calyx resembling 



leaves, recurved, channelled, thorny at the edges. Stem four or 



five feet high, branched : leaves dark-green, their veins bordered 

 with white: flowers large, solitary, purple. Annual: flowers in 

 June and July : grows in waste ground about towns. Eng. Bot. vol. 

 xiv. pi. 976. Eng. Fl. vol. iii. p. 386. 1154. 



16. CNI'CUS. THISTLE. 



Common calyx swelled, imbricated, of numerous, lance - 

 shaped, thorn-pointed scales, permanent. Compound corolla 

 nearly uniform, equal, tubular, funnel-shaped florets, with a 

 slender, recurved tube, the limb egg-shaped at the base, with 

 five linear segments. Filaments hair-like, very short ; anthers 

 united into a five-toothed cylindrical tube, nearly as long as the 

 corolla. Stigma undivided, or cleft, oblong ; seed inversely 

 egg-shaped, with a slender, cylindrical point ; seed-down ses- 

 sile, feathery, very long. Receptacle flat, covered with bristles 

 as long as the tubes of the florets. Name from cnizo, to prick. 



381. 

 * Leaves decurrent. 



5. C. lanceoldtus. Spear Thistle. Leaves decurrent, bristly, pin- 

 natifid, their segments generally three-lobed, spreading in different 

 directions, thorny ; calyx egg-shaped, woolly, with lance-shaped, 



thorn-pointed scales, spreading above. Stem branched, stout, 



from one to three feet high : leaves woolly beneath, with a very 

 long and very sharp point : flowei-s large, purple, single or in pairs. 

 Biennial : flowers in July and August: grows by road-sides, and 

 in waste places, dry pastures, and neglected fields : irequent. 

 Eng. Bot. vol. ii. pi. 107 : Carduus lanceolatus. Eng. Fl. vol. iii. p. 

 388. 1155. 



6. C.palustris. Marsh Thistle. Leaves decurrent, bristly, pinna- 

 tifid, thorny ; calyx egg-shaped, with broadly lance-shaped, minutely 



thorn-pointed, closely- pressed scales ; flowers several together. 



Stem from three to five feet high, erect, rather slender, covered with 



