388 CRYPTOGAMTA FERNS. ' [CL. XXIV. 



1. W. hyperborea. Round-leaved Woodsia. Fronds hairy beneath, 

 lance-shaped, pinnate ; leaflets heart-shaped, pinnatifid, their seg- 

 ments rounded. Fronds from two to three inches high. Pe- 

 rennial: grows on Snowdon in Wales, Ben Lawers and Clova 

 mountains in Scotland. Eng. Bot. vol. xxix. pi. 2023 : Polypodium 

 hyperboreum. Eng. FL vol. iv. p. 323. 1468. 



2. W. Ilve'nsis* Oblong-leaved Woodsia. Fronds scaly beneath, 

 lance- shaped, pinnate ; leaflets oblong, pinnatifid with oblong seg- 

 ments. Fronds from two to three inches high. Perennial: bears 



fruit from July to September : grows on rocks in Wales and the 

 north of England : rare. Eng. FL vol. iv. p. 322. 1469. 



4. ASPI'DIUM. SHIELD-PERN, 



Sori round, convex, scattered over the back of the frond, in 

 rows, between the central rib of each lobe and the margin. 

 Covers orbicular or kidney-shaped. Capsules very numerous, 

 globular, on hair-like stalks, one-celled, two-valved, bound by 

 a jointed ring. Seeds numerous, roundish, very minute. 

 Named from aspis, a shield. 463. 



* Frond pinnate. 



1. A.Lonchitis. Rough Alpine Shield-fern. Frond between lance- 

 shaped and linear, pinnate ; leaflets crescent-shaped, lobed above 

 at the base, bristly-serrate, the upper ones only bearing fruit ; stalk 

 scaly. Fronds from six to nine inches high, deep-green. Pe- 

 rennial : bears fruit in May and June : grows in clefts of the rocks 

 in the Highlands of Scotland, and in Wales. Eng. Bot. -vol. xii. pi. 

 797 : Polypodium Lonchitis. Eng. FL vol. iv. p. 284. 1470. 



** Frond more or less twice pinnate. 



2. A. Thely'pteris. Marsh Shield-fern. Frond pinnate ; leaflets 

 between linear and lance- shaped, deeply pinnatifid, slightly downy, 

 somewhat crenate, the lower segments elongated ; sori globular, 



finally confluent. Root creeping : fronds upwards of a foot high, 



deep-green. Perennial: bears fruit in July : grows in marshes and 

 boggy meadows : common. Eng. Bot. vol. xv. pi. 1018 : Polypodium 

 Thelypteris. Eng. FL vol. iv. p, 285. 1471. 



3. A. Oreopteris. Heath Shield-fern. Frond pinnate ; leaflets 

 lance-shaped, entire, sprinkled on the back with resinous globules ; 



sori nearly marginal, finally confluent. Fronds about a foot 



high, erect, lance-shaped, with very short, scaly stalks. Perennial : 

 bears fruit in July : grows in dry woods and on heaths : common, 

 especially in Scotland. Eng. Bot. vol. xv. pi. 1019 : Polypodium 

 Oreopteris. Eng.FL vol. iv. p. 286. 1472. 



4. A.Filix-mds. Male Shield-fern. Frond twice pinnate ; leaflets 

 oblong, obtuse, serrate ; sori near the central rib, stalk and shaft 



scaly. Fronds three feet high, erect, lance-shaped, with short 



stalks. Perennial: bears fruit in June and July : grows in woods 

 and on shady banks : common. Eng. Bot. vol. xxi. pi. 1458. Eng. 

 Fl.\ol. iv.p. 288. 1473. 



5. A. cristdtum. Crested Shield-fern. Frond almost twice pin- 

 nate ; leaflets decurrent, egg-shaped, obtuse, crenate, or pinnatifid, 

 with acute terminal teeth ; sori in the middle, between the central 



