126 Instinct and Intelligence 



acquire the cunning and skill to evade danger 

 and yet adequately attend to its needs. In 

 many of the Eocene Mammalia the neopallium 

 is reduced to such diminutive proportions that 

 the brain resembles the reptilian type, and in 

 each successive generation the neopallium be- 

 comes larger or the creature in self-defence is 

 compelled to adopt some safe form of life. The 

 Hippopotamus and the Sirenia are examples of 

 animals which have not kept pace in the fierce 

 race for neopallial supremacy, but survive by 

 adopting habits of life which are eminently safe. 

 The condition of the human brain represents 

 the other extreme. Here the neopallium has 

 attained its maximum development, and its pos- 

 sessor has not had to seek refuge either in a 

 retired mode of life, or by protective specialisa- 

 tion of structure either for offence or defence, 

 but has attained the dominant position in the 

 animal kingdom by means of the development 

 of his intellectual powers, while retaining his 

 animal or instinctive nature. 1 



We have noticed (p. 67) that in animals so 



1 Cat. of Comp. Anatomy, Vol. II., p. 465, Roy. Coll. Surgeons 

 of England. 



